Workflow-based BPMS

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Workflow-based BPMS

• 2005. 6.
• B.K. Choi
• KAIST I.E Dept.
• bkchoi_at_vmslab.kaist.ac.kr

2
Contents

• BPM A Classical IE Tool
• Workflow Management System
• BPMS A Pervasive IDT Software System
• Next Generation BPMS Framework
• Benefits of Implementing BPMS
• Conclusion Discussion

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1. BPM A Classical IE Tool (1/5)

• 1) Evolution of BPM Concepts
• The first wave of BPM F.W. Taylors Scientific
  Management(1920)
• The second wave of BPM ERP(1990)
• The third wave of BPM Workflow-based BPMS(2000)
  

1st Wave BPM
Taylors Scientific Mgt (Manual management of BP)
2nd Wave BPM
ERP (Firm-automation of BP)
3rd Wave BPM
Workflow-based BPMS (Programmable-automation of
BP)
Source Business Process Management The third
wave, H. Smith and P. Fingar, Meghan-Kiffer Press
2003
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1. BPM A Classical IE Tool (2/5)

• 2) Key Areas of Classical IE

Office Operation Control(Office Automation)
Shop Floor Control(Loading Scheduling)
Physical Processing Control (Processing
Material Handling)
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1. BPM A Classical IE Tool (3/5)

• 3) Physical Processing Control Methods
  Engineering

Operation Process Chart
Flow Process Chart
Source Methods Engineering, E.V. Krick, John
Wiley Sons 1962
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1. BPM A Classical IE Tool (4/5)

• 4) Shop Flow Control Real-time Scheduling, APS

BOP (Bill of Processes)
Loading Schedule Network
Source B.K.Choi, D.H. Kim, H. Hwang "Gantt Chart
Based MES for Die and Mold Manufacturing, IFIP
Conf.,1995
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1. BPM A Classical IE Tool (5/5)

• 5) Office Operation Control BPMS (Orchestration)

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Contents

• BPM A Classical IE Tool
• Workflow Management System
• BPMS A Pervasive IDT Software System
• Next Generation BPMS Framework
• Benefits of Implementing BPMS
• Conclusion Discussion

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2. Workflow Management System (1/9)
1) Definitions and Goals of Workflow Management

• Definitions (by WfMC)
• Workflow is the computerized facilitation or
  automation of a business process, in whole or
  part.
• Workflow Management System (WfMS) A system that
  completely defines, manages and executes
  workflows through the execution of software
  whose order of execution is driven by a computer
  representation of the workflow logic.

• Goals of Workflow Management (WfM)
• To manage the flow of work such that
• the right work (business process) is done at the
  right time
• with the right information by the right person in
  the organization
• To support flexible automation of business process

Source The Workflow Reference Model, WfMC 1995
(TC00-1003)
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2. Workflow Management System (2/9)

• 2) Workflow Object Model

Process Instance Model
Participant-1
Participant-2
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2. Workflow Management System (3/9)

• 3) Reference Model of WfMS

Major Functions (1) Process Definition (2)
Process Instantiation (3) Interaction with Users
Apps (4) Process Monitoring
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2. Workflow Management System (4/9)

• 4) Major Steps of WfM
• (1) Process Modeling Definition
• Analyze and design process
• Assign organization/role to activity
• Define data document templates
• (2) Workflow Enactment Service (Process
  Instantiation Control)
• Create execute process instances
• by process model
• Dispatch work to participant
• with data and tool
• (3) Interaction with User Application tools
  (work list, work item handler)
• Manage work-list
• Handle and complete work items
• Invoke applications IT Tools
• (4) Monitoring

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2. Workflow Management System (5/9)

• (4-1) Process Definition
• (a) Define activity flow (activity transition)
• (b) Define activity attributes
• Types
• Generic (Human work)
• Agent (Mail)
• Sub-process
• Connector (dummy)
• Participant
• Invoked app. information
• Post-condition

Activity
Transition
(a) Firefighting training process
(b)
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2. Workflow Management System (6/9)

• (4-2) Process Instantiation
• Process initiate create process instances with
  input parameters
• Input parameters
• Name, description
• Priority urgent or not
• Attachments
• Initiate method
• Manual or programmable automatic

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2. Workflow Management System (7/9)

• (4-3) Interaction with Users Apps (execute
  workitems)
• (a) View workitem list (worklist)
• (b) Execute workitem via workitem handler
• invoke apps. (MS-office tool, URL, document )
• (c) Complete workitem
• may attach sign, comments

(c) Return completion with signature
(b) Invoke electronic document generator
(a) Enabled work items - notify workitem
arrivals
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2. Workflow Management System (8/9)

• (4-4) Process monitoring
• Process status
• Activity information start-date, end-date,
  participant (performer)

Under processing
Completed
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2. Workflow Management System (9/9)

• 5) Interface Specs in WfMS
• Interface 1 (definition interface) TC-1016-WPDL,
  TC-1025-XPDL (XML-based PDL)
• Specifications for process definition data and
  its interchange
• Interface 2 (client interface) TC-1009 (Client
  API Spec)
• Interfaces to support interaction with user
  interface desktop functions
• Interface 3 (application interface) TC-1009
• Interfaces to support interaction with a variety
  of IT application types
• Interface 4 (inter-workflow interface) TC-1012
  (Abstract Spec.), TC-1023 (WF-XML)
• Interfaces to support interoperability between
  different workflow systems
• Interface 5 (supervisor interface) TC-1015
  (Audit Data Specification)
• Interfaces to provide system monitoring and
  metric functions to facilitate the management of
  composite workflow application environments

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Contents

• BPM A Classical IE Tool
• Workflow Management System
• BPMS A Pervasive IDT Software System
• Next Generation BPMS Framework
• Benefits of Implementing BPMS
• Conclusion Discussion

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3. BPMS A Pervasive IDT Software System (1/5)

• 1) Industrial Information System Pyramid

Strategic planning DSS
SEM
Reporting and Controlling system
Value-oriented job accounting systems
ERP Sales, Purchasing, Production, Accounting,
Quantity-oriented operative systems
Operational BPMS(Order-to-Delivery Execution
System)
Design
Manufacturing
Purchasing
Fulfillment
Engineering Package Software (CAD, CAM, CAE,
POP..)
Source Business Process Engineering,
August-Wilhelm Scheer, 2000
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3. BPMS A Pervasive IDT Software System (2/5)

• 2) Trends in IDT Software System Development
• Document Preparation Automation (1980s)
  Operational Computerization
• Workflow Processing Automation (1990s)
  Operational Computerization
• Business Process Orchestration (2000s)
  Strategic Computerization

Information Oriented
Process Oriented
Volume
BPMS
Process-flow (Orchestration)
WfMS
Information-flow(Automation)
Groupware
Information (Access)
Complexity
Source S.H. Ahn, C.H.Paek, Workflow, 2000
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3. BPMS A Pervasive IDT Software System (3/5)

• 3) Conceptual Model of BPMS BPMS is a generic
  software system that is to orchestrate
  operational business processes driven by explicit
  process designsBPMS WfMS Rule Engine
  Activity Monitor ..

Diagnosis
Operation
(Re)design
(Re)construction
Source BPM 2003 Market Milestone Report,
Delphi, 2003
Source W.M.P. van der Aalst et al., Business
Process Management A Survey, BPM 2003 LNCS 2678
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3. BPMS A Pervasive IDT Software System (4/5)

• 4) Commercial BPMS Solutions
• The 2003 Pure-Play BPM Magic Quadrant and
  Deployments Survey

Ability To Execute
Source BPM 2003 Market Milestone Report,
Delphi, 2003
Source Gartner Research (May 2003)
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3. BPMS A Pervasive IDT Software System (5/5)

• 5) BPMS S/W Example (BizFlow 8.0 )

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Contents

• BPM A Classical IE Tool
• Workflow Management System
• BPMS A Pervasive IDT Software System
• Next Generation BPMS Framework
• Benefits of Implementing BPMS
• Conclusion Discussion

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4. Next Generation BPMS Framework (1/8)

• 0) Overall Requirements of Next-Generation BPMS
• (1) Structured management for
  collaborative orchestration (2) Closed loop
  control for continuous improvement (3)
  Dynamic simulation for proactive optimization

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4. Next Generation BPMS Framework (2/8)

• 1) Hierarchical 3-layer Architecture for
  Structured Management (1) 3-Layer Structure
  Milestone manager Execution system SOP
  manager(2) Dual Hierarchy Milestone Tree SOP
  Tree

Organization Structure
BPMS Framework
Root Node
Milestone Management
Intermediate Node
Milestone Management
Milestone Management
Leaf Node
Milestone Management
Milestone Management
Execution System
Execution System
Operational BPMS
SOP Management
SOP Management
SOP Management
Intermediate BPMS
SOP (Business Rule) Management
SOP standard operating procedure
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4. Next Generation BPMS Framework (3/8)

• 2) Event-driven Milestone Management
• PROJECT PHASE levels are managed hierarchically
• Plan is assigned to a Start Activity
• Gantt Chart is updated by Events

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4. Next Generation BPMS Framework (4/8)

• 3) SOP Management Support
• SOP Process rules Action rules Data rules
• Data Rules document form, etc.
• Action Rule if-then...
• Process Rules Best Practice Process Templates

Source Paul Harmon, Business Rule An
Introduction, Business Process Trend, Vol1, No7,
2003
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4. Next Generation BPMS Framework (5/8)

• 4) Template-based Process Instancing
• Impossible to model all cases of DP (design
  process)
• ? User-configurable process templates

Define Activity from Activity-templates
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4. Next Generation BPMS Framework (6/8)

• 5) Closed-Loop Control Support via Runtime
  Simulation
• (Open-loop) BPMS WfMS SOP Load/Schedule
  Monitoring
• Close-loop BPMS Simulation Expediting
  Optimization

Workflow engine
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4. Next Generation BPMS Framework (7/8)

• 6) Closed-Loop 3-layer Architecture (cBPMS)
• Operational Feedback Control via Runtime
  Simulation
• Tactical Feedback Control via
  What-If-Simulation
• Strategic Feedback Control via BPR (Simulation)

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4. Next Generation BPMS Framework (8/8)

• User Scenario for the Closed-Loop 3-layer BPMS

PI Team
Project Manger
Participants
General Manager
SOP/BR (Re) Modeling
New Project Releases
Project
Process definition
Milestone
Process Planning
Milestone Planning Control
(Re) Define Process Templates Rules
Initial Process Instance
Member
Organization
Project Team Planning Control
Organization (Re) Modeling
Process Editing Dynamic Instancing
Runtime Process Instance
Process Start
Expediting
Expedite
Revision request
Runtime Simulation
What-if Simulation
BPR Simulation
Status /Exception
Status
Process Execution (Workitem Handling)
Monitoring Analysis
Result
Process Completion
Evaluation Analysis
Execution log
PI Process Innovation
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Contents

• BPM A Classical IE Methodology
• Workflow Management System
• BPMS A Pervasive IDT Software System
• Next Generation BPMS Framework
• Benefits of Implementing BPMS
• Summary and Discussions

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5. Benefits of Implementing BPMS (1/4)

• 1) Fault-tolerant job-execution support for
  non-frequent users

2) Personal secretary managing schedules to-do
lists
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5. Benefits of Implementing BPMS (2/4)

• 3) Load/schedule monitoring visualization
  (present transparency)

4) Know-how accumulation and deliverable reuse
(past transparency)
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5. Benefits of Implementing BPMS (3/4)

• 5) Proactive loading/scheduling quick response
  (future transparency)

6) KPI analysis continuous improvement
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5. Benefits of Implementing BPMS (4/4)

• Summary of BPMS benefits

RTE is an enterprise that competes by using
up-to-date information to progressively remove
delays to the management and execution of its
critical business processes in order to minimize
response times with optimal response quality.
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6. Summary Discussions

• Summary

• BPM is a classical IE Tool- Evolution of BPM
  Concepts- Key Areas of Classical IE
• - Physical Processing Control Methods
  Engineering
• - Shop Flow Control Real-time Scheduling, APS
• - Office Operation Control BPMS
  (Orchestration)
• Workflow Management System- Definitions and
  Goals of Workflow Management- Workflow Object
  Model
• - Reference Model of WfMS
• - Major Steps of WfM
• - Interface Specs in WfMS
• BPMS is a Pervasive IDT Software System-
  Industrial Information System Pyramid- Trends in
  IDT Software System Development
• - Conceptual Model of BPMS
• - Commercial BPMS Solutions
• - BPMS S/W Example
• Next Generation BPMS Framework- Overall
  Requirements of Next-Generation BPMS
• - Hierarchical 3-layer Architecture for
  Structured Management- Event-driven Milestone
  Management Support
• - SOP Management Support
• - Template-based Instancing Support
• - Closed-Loop Control Support via Runtime
  Simulation
• - Closed-Loop 3-layer Architecture (cBPMS)
• - User Scenario for the Closed-Loop 3-layer BPMS