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Starting%20Windows%20NT%20An%20overview%20and%20introduction

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Title: Starting%20Windows%20NT%20An%20overview%20and%20introduction


1
Starting Windows NT An overview and introduction
  • Instructor Professor Dr. Anvari
  • Students Li-Yen Chen Chunwa (Joanna) Chan
  • Southeastern University

2
Purposes and Goals
  • The goals of this presentation is to understand
    the following topics
  • General questions about Windows NT and Windows 95
  • - Comparison of Windows 95 and Windows NT
  • - Comparison of NT Server and Workstation
  • Overview of the Architecture of Windows NT
  • Overview of the Windows NT Networking system
  • Tips about Windows NT

3
Whats the differences between Win95/98 and
Windows NT?
  • Windows 95/98
  • File systems FAT
  • slow when filegt 200mb
  • Index Linked list
  • Support only single processor
  • Weaker security
  • Windows NT
  • File systems NTFS
  • bigger partition, more secure
  • Index B-tree
  • Support both single and multiprocessors
  • Stronger security

4
Comparison of Windows 95 and NT Workstation
Information sources http//microsoft.com/NTWork
station
5
POSIX portable operation system interface
based on Unix Preemptive multitasking
applications are forced to shared the CPU
(cooperative multitasking each program can
control the CPU as long as it needs)
6
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7
  • Peer-to-peer networking all account
    administration is local to each
  • machine and that each machine maintains its
    own account database.
  • Remote Access Services services that allow the
    connection of the remote user.

8
Comparison of NT Workstation and Sever
  • NT Workstation
  • support 2 processors
  • 10 clients (max)
  • remote access service
  • 1 connection only
  • suitable for Intranet
  • Macintosh services No
  • Peer to peer Network
  • NT Sever
  • 4 processors
  • Unlimited clients
  • remote access service
  • 255 connections
  • suitable for Internet
  • Macintosh services Yes
  • Server

9
Windows NT Design Objectives
  • Extensibility
  • Backoffice Suite (SQL Server,
    Exchange,..etc.)
  • Portability (from one hardware to another)
  • Written by C, which is not hardware
    dependent
  • Compatibility
  • DOS, Win16, Win32 and POSIX (Portable
    Operating System Interface based on UNIX)
    Compatible.
  • Security
  • Security logon, Discretionary access control,
    Audit, Memory protection
  • Performance
  • Reliability and Robustness

10
Windows NT Features
  • Networking components
  • NetBEUI, IPX/SPX, TCP/IP, DLC, ApplTalk,
    PPTP, VLAN
  • Internet/Intranet components
  • Internet Information Server (IIS), FTP
    server, gopher server.
  • Interoperability components
  • Clients DOS, Windows95/98, Windows NT
    workstation, Macintosh.
  • Application-Enabling components
  • Support Inter Process Communication (IPC)
  • Administrative components
  • Primary domain controller, backup domain
    controller, or standalone.
  • Workstation components
  • A NT server can also be used as a
    workstation.

11
Windows NT Architecture (1)
12
Windows NT Architecture (2)
13
Windows NT Architecture
  • Kernel mode
  • Hardware Abstraction Layer ( HAL)
  • - Control all of the hardware access
  • - Platform-specific
  • - Protect subsystems and applications work
    through the executive to
  • access hardware
  • Executive
  • - includes system services (called by the
    subsystem) and internal
  • routines (called by other executive
    components)
  • - each of the executive components is
    independent from the other.
  • - each component can be removed and
    replaced by new version.
  • User mode (composed of protected subsystems)
  • - Each subsystem is protected one from
    another.
  • - When an application crash, will not take
    others down.

14
Windows NT Scalability ability to run
multiprocessorNT uses Symmetric Multiprocessing
15
Networking and Network protocol
  • Basic Networking Concepts
  • Local area network (LAN)
  • Personal computer
  • Network cable
  • Network interface adapter
  • Networking protocol
  • Hub
  • Server
  • Client
  • Peer

16
Windows 3.1 Client
Windows 3.1 Client
Windows 95 Peer
Windows 95 Peer
Macintosh Client
Hub
Windows NT Server
Network Cable
17
Networking and Network protocol
  • Network Architecture
  • The physical layerNetwork components copper
    wire, fiber-optic cable(glass), radio wavers and
    so on
  • The network layerSending the packets information
    over the physical layer

18
Networking and Network protocol
  • The Open Systems Interconnect(OSI) Model
  • Application Layer
  • Presentation Layer
  • Session Layer
  • Transport Layer
  • Network Layer
  • Data link Layer
  • Physical Layer

19
Networking and Network protocol
  • Windows NT Networking Components and boundary
    layers.
  • Programming interfaces (boundary)
  • File system drivers (component)
  • The transport driver interface(boundary)
  • transport protocol (component)
  • Network driver interface specification
  • Adapter driver(component)

20
Networking and Network protocol
  • Windows NT Server support Network Protocols
  • NetBEUI NETBIOS Extended User Interface
  • IPX/SPX Internetwork Packet eXchagne/Sequenced
    Packet eXchange
  • TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol Internet
    Protocol
  • DCL Data Link Control
  • Apple Talk
  • Steams
  • PPTP Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol

21
Networking and Network protocol
  • Features of TCP/IP
  • Broad connectivity among all types of computers
    and servers
  • Direct access to the Internet
  • Strong support for routing
  • Simple SNMP support
  • Support for DHCP to dynamically assign client IP
    address
  • Support for the WINs to allow NetBIOS name
    resolution among Microsoft clients and servers.
  • Support for most other Internet protocols such as
    HTTP, POP,
  • Centralized TCP/IP domain assignment to allow
    internetworking between organizations

22
Windows NT Network Security Models
  • The Workgroup Security Model
  • The Domain Security Model

23
Windows NT Server Roles
  • Primary Domain Controller
  • Backup Domain Controller
  • Server
  • Member Servers
  • Stand-Alone Servers

24
Starting your Windows NT
  • Windows NT is strong in Security, performance,
    stability, and networking, but ease of use and
    hardware configuration is not as good as Windows
    95
  • Notes Install Windows
  • Hardware Selection Hardware Compatibility List
    (HCL)
  • Choosing a File System NTFS or FAT
  • Choosing a Domain Role (PDC, BDC, Member sever)
  • Tips Microsoft strategy
  • Windows 98/ NT Workstation take place of Windows
    95
  • NT Server compete with Unix

25
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26
References
  • Honeycutt J. 1999. Using Windows NT Server 4
    Platinum Edition.
  • Donald, L. and J. Chellis. 1997. MCSE NT Server
    4 Enterprise Study Guide. 2nd Edition.
  • Donald, L. and J. Chellis. 1997. MCSE NT Server
    4 Study Guide. 2nd Edition.

Links
  • Http//www2.pcworld.com/software/opsystems/article
    s/
  • Http//www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/2735/whidvm
    .html
  • Http//www.microsoft.com/windows/platform/info/how
    2choose-mb.htm
  • Http//microsoft.com/NTWorkstation/Compare/Compare
    /Window95/
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