Cynthia Verdugo Peralta Board Member

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SCAQMDHydrogen and Fuel Cell Activities
The North American Institute Conference August
27, 2005

• Cynthia Verdugo Peralta Board Member
• South CoastAir Quality Management District

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AQMD Background Setting

• South Coast Basin
• 4-county region 11,000 sq. miles
• 16 million residents
• Nearly 27,000 facilities under permit
• 12-member Governing Board 9 geographic /
  elected 3 state / appointed

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Federal Attainment Status of the South Coast Air
Basin

• Ozone ?
• PM ?
• Carbon Monoxide ?
• Nitrogen Dioxide ?
• Sulfur Dioxide ?
• Lead ?

Technically in attainment for CO, but not yet
redesignated.
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Ozone, 1981-2004 3-Year Average Number of
Basin-Days Exceeding 1-Hour Standard
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MATES II Estimated RiskExcluding Diesel Sources
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MATES II Estimated RiskFrom All Emission
Sources
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ChildrensHealth Study
Are chronic respiratory effects caused by
Southern Californiasair pollution?

• USC Findings published in New England Journal
  of Medicine September 2004
• Study of children over 8-year period
• 12 communities in Southern California
• Growth in lung function measured

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12 Study Communities
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Childrens Health StudyFindings

• By age 18, lungs of many children growing up in
  smoggy areas are underdeveloped and will likely
  never recover
• Low lung function is second only to smoking as a
  risk factor for all-cause mortality
• Pollutants of harm derive from vehicle-related
  emissions and combustion of fossil fuels
• When we began the study 10 years ago, we had no
  idea we would find effects on the lung this
  serious. John Peters, M.D., studys senior
  author

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Issues to be Addressed in Air Quality Planning

• Global Warming
• Energy Strategy
• Local land use
• Public Transportation

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Mobile Source EmissionsStrategic Linchpin for
South Coast

• Failing dramatic clean-up from themobile source
  emissions, particularly heavy-duty engine related
  emissions, South Coast will not meet the
  federal attainment deadlines and will not be
  able to address public concerns on air toxic
  exposure

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AQMD Mobile Source Emission Reduction Program

• Regulations Fleet Rules
• Implementation Incentives
• Advanced Technologies

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Technology Advancement Program(RDDD)

• Started in 1988
• Funded by vehicle registration fee (1/vehicle)
  and stationary source surcharge
• Develop and demonstrate new clean-fuel
  zero-emission technologies
• Cost share
• 80 on-going projects
• Annual awards totaling 7M - 15M

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2004 Funding
Emission
Fuel Cell
Outreach and
Control
Technology,
Technology
Technology,
848,480
Transfer,
1,400,000
Emission
850,912
Studies,
Electric/Hybrid
260,000
Technology,
250,000
Infrastructure
Hydrogen
Fuel Production,
Technology and
2,395,523
Infrastructure,
5,653,400
Engine
Health, 501,814
Technology,
2,100,711
VOC/Toxics,
916,600
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Advanced Technologies

• Aftertreatment
• Emulsified Diesel
• HD Natural Gas Engines
• Natural Gas Fueling Infrastructure
• Advanced Diesel Engines
• Hybrid Vehicles (Plug-in Hydraulic)
• Gas to Liquid Fuel
• Renewables
• H2 Technologies Refueling
• Fuel Cell Vehicles

Diesel
GTL
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Clean Fuels

• The use of clean fuels, such as natural gas, in
  stationary and mobile sources is a critical part
  of SCAQMDs compliance strategy
• SCAQMD supports LNG importation if the following
  issues can be satisfactorily addressed
• Safety and security
• Local environmental impacts
• Regional air quality impacts

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AQMDs Role in Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technology
for Transportation

• Rely on Automakers for Vehicle Technology
  Development
• Work with DOE on Vehicle-Infrastructure
  Demonstration
• Focus AQMD resources on Local Fueling
  Infrastructure Development
• Basinwide Fueling Network
• Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles
• Five-City Demonstration
• HCNG Engine Development
• Statewide Coordination

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Fuel Cell Vehicles
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Hydrogen Fueled Buses
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SCAQMD Board Awarded Hydrogen Fueling Projects
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AQMDs Hydrogen Fueling InfrastructureDesign
Considerations

• Basin-wide coverage for commuting
• Diversity of Hydrogen Production Technology
• Vehicle Fleet Demonstration Home Base
• Strategic locations for easy access
• Vehicle/Fueling Partnerships

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LAX Station(Electrolyzer)
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Irvine/Huntington Beach(Mobile Refueler)
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SunLine(Reformer)
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Coachella Valley(Wind Turbine/Electrolyzer)
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AQMD(Electrolyzer)
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Five-City Hydrogen ICE Vehicle and Fueling
Infrastructure Project

• Partner with
• Burbank
• Ontario
• Riverside
• Santa Ana
• Santa Monica
• Development and demonstration of hydrogen
  internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles
• Installation of public hydrogen fueling stations
  at different cities by Air Products
• Vehicle conversions awardedto Quantum
  Technologies
• Demonstration expected to start Nov. 05

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Hydrogen ICE Vehicle

• Toyota Prius Converted
• Range of a little under 100 miles
• 5 Year CABR Experimental Permit
• Meets SULEV Emissions levels
• No CO, HC, or CO2 Emissions
• Could qualify for AT-PZEV
• Similar driving characteristics as gasoline Prius
• 30 total vehicles 5 for each city
• Prototype completed tested, including crash
  tests
• Expected to be delivered to cities in Nov. 05.

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Hydrogen ICE Vehicle and Fueling Infrastructure
Project

• Electrolyzer
• Burbank
• Riverside
• Santa Monica
• Mobile Refueler
• Santa Ana
• Ontario

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AQMD Energy Park
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California Fuel Cell PartnershipMember
Facilitate CA demonstrationof fuel cell vehicles
and fueling- 8 automakers- 4 energy
providers- 2 fuel cell technology providers- 6
government agencies- 7 associate members- 3
transit agencies
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California Fuel Cell Partnership

• Coordinating with California H2 Net
• Facilitating Common Fit Fueling Standards
• Outreach/education program
• Bus Vehicle demonstrations
• Coordination with International Fuel Cell Program

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California Hydrogen Highway Network

• CA Gov. Executive Order
• Signed April 20, 2004

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California Hydrogen Highway Network

• Blueprint Plan Adopted
• Phase I
• Up to 50 Stations
• Reformer, Electrolyzer, Pipeline
• Including Energy Park Concept
• Up to 2,000 Vehicles
• Fuel Cell ICE
• FY05-06 - 6.5 Million Allocated

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California Hydrogen Highway Network

• 6.5 Million Approved
• 3 fueling stations
• Renewable/Energy Park
• 12 Light-Duty Vehicles
• 2 Hydrogen Shuttles
• RFP to be developed
• Environmental Analyses
• Community Outreach