Injury Illness and Accident Statistics

1
Injury / Illness and Accident Statistics

• TM 650
• Summer 2009
• Dr. Carter J. Kerk

2
Reading Assignment

• Asfahl
• Chapter 2
• Appendices B, C, D, F

3
Accident Recordkeeping

• You cant manage what you dont measure
• National Safety Council established the 1st
  national system of industrial safety
  recordkeeping - Z16.1- a voluntary system
• OSHA established a similar mandatory system -
  OSHA Form 200 updated to OSHA Form 300 for
  January 2002
• New OSHA Recordkeeping Rule (see accompanying
  PowerPoint presentation)

4
The Impact of OSHA on Death and Death Rates

• What impact does OSHAs appearance in the 1970s
  appear to have?
• Examine the next two graphs to determine the
  general impact of OSHA. What do you think?

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Frequency versus Severity

• Frequency
• numbers of cases per standard quantity of work
  hours
• Severity
• impact of cases in terms of lost workdays per
  standard quantity of work hours
• Lost Workday cannot report for work at the
  next workday
• Fatalities and permanent total disability
  incidents are not lost workday cases, because
  the worker never works again
• Disability classes
• temporary partial temporary total
• permanent partial permanent total

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An OSHA Recordable Injury/Illness

• All injuries or illnesses which require medical
  treatment, plus fatalities
• Medical treatment does NOT include
• simple first aid
• preventative medicine (e.g. tetanus shots)
• medical diagnostic procedures with negative
  results
• Medical Treatment (Appendix B)

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Medical Treatment (OSHA)
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First Aid

• One-time treatment and subsequent observation
  of minor scratches, cuts, burns, splinters, etc.
• These are not considered medical treatment even
  if administered by a physician.
• Appendix C of text

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First-Aid Treatment (OSHA)
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Recordable Injury

• Regardless of treatment, if an injury involves
• loss of consciousness
• restriction of work or motion
• transfer to another job
• It is recordable!
• An injury that receives (or should have received)
  medical treatment is almost always considered
  recordable

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Illness

• Abnormal condition or disorder, not classified as
  an injury, caused by exposure to environmental
  factors associated with employment
• usually associated with chronic exposures

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Incidence Rate

• IR ( of injuries/illnesses including
  fatalities x 200,000) /
• (total hours worked by all employees during the
  period covered)
• 200,000 (40 hrs/wk) (50 wk/yr) (100 workers)
• A 100 employee firm for 1 year
• See next figure

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Figure 2.2 from text. Comparison of incidence
rates for various industries by Standard
Industrial Classification (SIC) Code. Private
sector average is about 6 cases per 100 full-time
workers. Grey scale does not show up on this
slide. Industries shown are at the 2-digit SIC
level. Lost workday cases plus cases without
lost workdays equals total cases.
16
Principal SIC Codes for Manufacturing
17
Appendix F Partially Exempt Industries.
Employers classified in the following SIC Codes
are not required to keep general OSHA injury and
illness records unless asked by OSHA, Bureau of
Labor Statistics (BLS), or an authorized state
agency. Fatalities or workplace incidents that
result in hospitalization of three or more
employees must still be reported.
18
NAICS

• North American Industrial Classification System
• US Census Bureau
• http//www.census.gov/epcd/www/naics.html
• Has replaced the SIC system

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Injury / Illness Statistics

• The following several charts present several
  aspects of injury / illness statistics
• The data is almost exclusively from private
  industry.
• Worker Health Chartbook, 2004. Department of
  Health Human Services, Centers for Disease
  Control, National Institute for Occupational
  Safety Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No.
  2004-146.

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Numbers and rates of fatal occupational injuries,
1992-2002
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Fatal Occupational Injuries by State in 2002
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Occupational injury / illness trends, 1973-2001
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Incidence rates for lost-workday cases of
nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses,
1973-2001
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Nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses by
industry, 2001
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Injuries and illnesses, 2001
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Number of illness cases by type of illness,
1972-2001
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Occupations with highest median days away from
work due to occupational injuries or illnesses,
2001
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Distribution of occupational injury and illness
cases with days away from work by nature of
injury or illness, 2001
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Median days away from work due to occupational
injuries or illnesses by nature of injury or
illness, 2001
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Distribution of occupational injury and illness
cases with days away from work by body part, 2001
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Median days away from work due to occupational
injuries or illnesses by by part, 2001
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Distribution of occupational injury and illness
cases with days away from work by source of
injury or illness, 2001
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Distribution of occupational injury and illness
cases with days away from work by event or
exposure, 2001
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Median days away from work due to occupational
injuries or illnesses by event or exposure, 2001
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Resources

• National Safety Council
• Accident Facts, now Injury Facts
• Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)
• Worker Health Chartbook, 2004. Department of
  Health Human Services, Centers for Disease
  Control, National Institute for Occupational
  Safety Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No.
  2004-146.