Section 42 Parts of the Eukaryotic Cell

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Section 4-2Parts of the Eukaryotic Cell
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Cell Membrane

• Phospholipid bilayer
• Selectively permeable
• Fluid Mosaic Model

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Inside the Cell

• Cytoplasm jelly-like material inside the cell
• Cytosol fluid part of the cytoplasm
• Organelles little organs

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• 1. Mitochondria
• inner/outer membrane
• cristae folds in the inner membrane
• has its own DNA
• site of respiration

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• 2. Ribosomes
• no membrane
• proteins and RNA
• in the cytoplasm and on the ER
• site of protein synthesis

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• 3. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
• membranous tubules
• intracellular highway
• Two Types
• a. Rough ER with ribosomes
• b. Smooth ER without ribosomes

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• 4. Golgi Apparatus
• flattened sacs
• process, package, secrete

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• 5. Lysosomes
• small, spherical
• digest nutrients, old cell parts

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• 6. Cytoskeleton
• protein strands
• structure/support
• movement of organelles
• Two Types
• Microfilaments
• Microtubules

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• 7. Cilia and Flagella
• hairlike
• assist in movement
• Cilia
• short
• numerous
• Flagella
• long
• single or
• pairs

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• 8. Nucleus
• surrounded by nuclear envelope with pores
• stores DNA
• (chromatin, chromosomes)
• site of RNA synthesis
• contains Nucleolus site of ribosome synthesis

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Structures Specific to Plant Cells

• 9. Cell Wall
• rigid
• cellulose
• outside the cell membrane
• structure/support

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• 10. Vacuoles
• large
• fluid-filled
• store water, enzymes, wastes

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• 11. Plastids
• inner/outer membrane
• have their own DNA
• some have pigments
• Example chloroplast site of photosynthesis

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