Injuries and Ending the Sports Career

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Injuries and Ending the Sports Career
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Have you had a sports injury?
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Injury

• Incidence
• Psychological Causes
• Effects
• Rehabilitation

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What Percent

• Of amateurs have an injury during sports career?
• 50
• Of injuries of children(gt13)
• 40

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How many

• sports injuries/year?
• 3-5 Million
• total injuries/year?
• 70 million

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sports participation can be a significant
health risk(Edwards).
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Injury

• Incidence
• Psychological Causes
• Effects
• Rehabilitation

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Does

• Stress Injury
• ???

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What is Stress?

• Life events
• Daily hassles

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Conclusion

• Football - clearly
• Other sports generally yes
• Overall 2-5 times more likely
• Stress related to severity of injury in 50 of
  studies

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Misbehavior

• Control
• Ignoral

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How Does

• Stress Injury
• ???

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Response Game

• Instruction
• Encouragement
• Organization

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Muscle Tension

• Stress Injury
• Attention Deficits

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Tension

• Contraction of agonists antagonist muscle
  (bracing)
• Reduced
• Detect vital cues
• Distortions in thinking

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Are there Moderating Variables?
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High on Variable

• Stress Injury
• Low on Variable
• No Injury

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Moderators

• Personality variables
• Coping resources
• (Anderson Williams)

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Personality

• Hardiness
• Commitment
• Control
• Not Challenge
• (Little Support)

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Personality

• Sensation Seeking
• Inc greater risks
• Dec - sports not stressful

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Personality

• Achievement Motivation
• Push more
• Not listen to pain
• Culture of Risk

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Coping

• General skills
• Sleep
• Nutrition
• Time for oneself

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Coping

• Social Support
• Emotional
• Tangible
• Guidance
• (Clear support)

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Other Psychological Causes of Injury

• Giving 110
• WinninggtWell-being

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Knowing this, what would you do to prevent
injuries?
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Preventing Injuries

• Monitor stress
• Open communication
• Listen to pain statements
• Assess Personality
• Look for early warning signs

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Preventing Injuries

• Intervene
• Methods correspond with problem
• Physiological Relaxation
• Attention Focus strategies

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Other Ideas

• Reduce unnecessary training stress
• Modify training for athletes under stress
• Provide social support

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Injury

• Incidence
• Psychological Causes
• Effects
• Rehabilitation

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Effects similar to other stressful events
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Stressful Life Event

• 100 Death of spouse
• 63 Jail term
• 46 Injury
• 37 Death of friend

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Impact of injury depends on meaning of sport to
the athlete.

• Why do people play sports???

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Understanding Injury

• Athletes perception
• Open communication
• Supportive
• Confidential
• UnPosRe

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Emotional Reaction

• Denial
• Anger
• Bargaining
• Depression
• Acceptance

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Affective Cycle Theory

• Coping
• Distress Denial
• (Heil)

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Other Reactions

• Trip off severe symptoms
• Reduce positive emotions related to exercise

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Cognitive Reaction

• Perception of injury
• Anticipated consequences
• Attitude

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Injury

• Incidence
• Psychological Causes
• Effects
• Rehabilitation

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Weinberg Gould

• Rapport
• Education
• Learn skills
• Anticipate setbacks
• Develop social support

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Rapid Return

• Goal setting
• Positive self-talk
• Stress control
• Healing imagery

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Trainers predictors

• Listen to them
• Positive attitude
• Motivation to recover

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Ellis RET

• A C

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Ellis RET

• B
• A C

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Warning Signs

• Excessive anger
• Excessive guilt
• Constant revisiting
• Persistent denial

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• Withdrawal
• Rapid mood swings
• Hopelessness

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Cognitive Appraisal Theory

• Personal Situational
• Appraisal
• Emotional
• Behavioral
• (Brewer)

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Should athletes stay with the team?
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Injuries and Ending the Sports Career
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Is quitting sports a traumatic event?
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Is Quitting a job a traumatic event?
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Data

• HS No
• Col No
• 55 very satisfied its over
• 33 unhappy

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Women

• 50 missed playing
• 50 relief
• 75 still active
• 30 loss of identity

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Data Resumed

• Elite Yes
• Professional Yes
• Some have problems with alcohol finances

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How Athletes Quit

• Voluntarily?
• 5
• Suddenly?
• 50

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Signs of Trouble

• Source of support
• Social identity
• Personal identity

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Prevention

• Multi-dimensional person
• De-emphasize winning
• Emphasize personal, social development

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• Planning
• Anxiety prevents planning
• 40 of pros no attention
• 30 of pros immediate
• Career

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Injuries and Ending the Sports Career