Basic Chemistry

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Basic Chemistry
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Background

• Element a substance that cannot be broken down
  into simpler chemical substances.
• 96 of the human body is composed of 4 elements
  carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
• Elements are represented by one to two letter
  symbols

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Chemistry Vocabulary

• Isotope atoms of the same element that have
  different numbers of neutrons
• Example C-12 C-14
• Ion charged particle made of atoms
• Metabolism all the chemical reactions that
  occur within an organism

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• pH measure of how acidic or basic a solution is
• Acid any substance that forms hydrogen ions in
  water pH below 7
• Base any substance that form hydroxide ions in
  water pH above 7

• Buffer substance used to minimize the change in
  pH

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Organic vs. Inorganic

• Organic relating or belonging to the class of
  chemical compounds having a carbon basis
• Important organic substance carbon
• Inorganic Describing a substance not derived
  from a living organism
• Important inorganic substance water

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Properties of Water

• Water is composed of two hydrogens and one oxygen
• Water is a polar molecule has an unequal
  distribution of charges.
• Water can form hydrogen bonds