TinyOS Research Overview

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TinyOS Research Overview

• Jason Hill

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?-Wireless Vision
Asset Tracking
Military Scenarios
Security
Home Automation

• A symphony of embedded devices.

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The Pieces Exist

• Low-power CMOS radios
• System-on-chip manufacturing capabilities
• Ad-hoc networking protocols
• Distributed algorithms
• Low-power microcontrollers

How do they fit together?
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Systems Development Spiral
System Capabilities
Hardware
Software
NEST Services
Dot
2002
Mica
Today
Rene
2001
TinyOS
2000
weC Mote
Communication Stack
Hardware supporting software to enable
applications.
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Design Lineage

• COTS dust prototypes (Kris Pister et al.)
• weC Mote (30 produced)
• Rene Mote (850 produced)
• Dot (1000 produced)
• Mica node (current, 1800 produced)

?
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Complete Software Vision
Apps
Middleware
Platform
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Mica Platform Users

• TEMPLE UNIVERSITY
• UNIV SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
• UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
• UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI
• UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO
• UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
• UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS
• UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
• UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME
• UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CA
• UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS
• UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
• UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA
• US ARMY CECOM
• USC INFORMATION SCIENCES
• VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
• VIGILANZ SYSTEMS

• INTEL CORPORATION
• INTEL RESEARCH
• JPL ACCOUNTS PAYABLE
• KENT STATE UNIVERSITY
• LAWRENCE BERKELEY NAT'L
• LLNL
• LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LAB
• MARYLAND PROCUREMENT
• MIT
• MIT
• MITRE CORP.
• MSE TECH. APPLICATION INC
• NASA LANGLEY RESEARCH CTR
• NAT'L INST OF STD TECH
• NICK OLIVAS LOS ALAMOS NA
• NORTH DAKOTA STATE UNIV
• PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV
• ROBERT BOSCH CORP.
• RUIZ-SANDOVAL, M.E.

• ALLEN, ANTHONY
• ALTARUM
• BAE SYSTEMS CONTROLS
• BALBOA INSTRUMENTS
• BUDNICK, LARRY
• CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV
• CLEVELAND STATE UNIV
• CORNELL UNIVERSITY
• DARTMOUTH COLLEGE
• DOBLE ENGINEERING COMPANY
• DUKE UNIVERSITY
• FRANCE TELECOM RD
• GE KAYE INSTRUMENTS, INC
• GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV.
• GEORGIA TECH RESEARCH INT
• GRAVITON, INC
• HRL ABORATORIES

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Nesc Building software like hardware

• Nesc is
• Component based software extension to C
• Provides separation of construction and
  composition
• Component behavior described in terms of
  interfaces
• Structure around bidirectional event based
  interfaces
• Static compile-time optimization eliminates
  overhead

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Real World Apps

• What have we done with this stuff?

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Vehicle Tracking
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Cory Energy Monitoring/Mgmt System

• 50 nodes on single floor
• 5 level ad hoc net
• 30 sec sampling
• 250K samples to database over 6 weeks

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Structural performance due to multi-directional
ground motions (Glaser CalTech)
Mote infrastructure
Mote Layout
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Comparison of Results
Wiring for traditional structural
instrumentation truckload of equipment
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Node Localization
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Multi-dimensional node tracking

• Track unmodified evader through a network of
  magnetic sensors.
• In-network processing to estimate planar position
  of vehicle
• Geographic multi-hop networking to route data to
  automated camera
• Camera controlled to track vehicle
• Video demo.mpeg

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Next-Generation Nodes

• Integrated processing, storage, communication and
  sensing onto a single silicon die
• Greatly reduce manufacturing cost
• Improve efficiency through incorporation of
  specialized accelerators

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General Architecture Diagram
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General Architecture

• Single CPU for Base band, OS and Application
• Shared system resources can be divided between
  system components dynamically
• High bandwidth, flexible interfaces can be
  exposed across system components
• Allows applications access to fine-grained system
  control
• Hardware accelerators to support key sensor
  network challenges
• Communication, synchronization, power management,
  concurrency
• Shared memory interface model

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Spec Layout
2.5mm

• IO Pads
• RAM blocks
• MMU logic
• Debug logic
• ADC
• AVR CPU Core
• RF Frequency Synthesizer
• Transmitter

.25 um CMOS
Core Area only 50 full
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Spec Demonstration