Locker

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Chapter
Using Graphs and Other Visuals
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When to Use Visuals Designing Visuals Integrating
Visuals in Your Text Using Visuals in Your
Presentation
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The Secret of Great Visuals is . . .

• Every visual must tell a story!

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Figure 1 Czech Foreign Debt Is The Second
Lowest in Eastern Europe
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Follow These Steps

• Check the source of the data.
• Determine the story you want to tell.
• Choose the visual that fits the story.
• Follow the conventions for designing visuals.
• Use color and decoration with restraint.
• Be sure that the visual is accurate and ethical.

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When to Use Visuals

• To make points vivid.
• To emphasize material.
• To present material compactly and without
  repetition.

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Making Visuals Accurate

• Differentiate between actual and estimated or
  projected values.
• When you must truncate a scale, do so clearly
  with a break in the bars.
• Avoid perspective and 3-D graphs.

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Perspective Makes Graphs Hard to Read
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Choose the Visual that Reflects Your Purpose
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Use Tables When The Reader Needs to Be Able to
Identify Exact Values
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Use Pie Charts to Illustrate Parts of A Whole
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Use Bar Charts to Compare Items or to Show
Relationships
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Use Line Charts to

• Compare items over time (see chart).
• Show frequency or distribution.
• Show correlations.

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Use Paired Charts to Tell Complex Stories
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Use Photographs to Create a Sense of Authenticity
or to Show an Item in Use
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Use Drawings to Show Dimensions or to Emphasize
Detail
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Use Maps to Emphasize Location
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Use Gannt Charts to Show Timelines for Proposals
or Projects
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Integrating Visuals into Your Text

• Refer to every visual in your text.
• Example See Figure 6 below for a detailed
  comparison. . .
• Use the table or figure number in the text, but
  not the title.
• Example The data in Table 10 show a marked
  trend of . . .

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Integrating Visuals into Your Text, continued

• Put the visual as soon after your reference as
  space and page design permit.
• Example As Figure 3 shows (page 10), . . .
• Example (See Table 2 on page 14.)

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Summarize the main point of the visual before
you present the visual itself. After the visual,
evaluate the data and discuss its implications.

Integrating Visuals into Your Text, continued

• Weak Listed below are the results.
• Better As Figure 4 shows, sales doubled in the
  last decade.

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Remember A visual is worth a thousand words!