Russia

1
Russia

• Chap 28

2
Socialism

• System where every member of a society owns and
  operates everything equally
• Philosophy developed during the industrial
  revolution
• Established to end poverty and the class system

3
Communism

• Developed by Karl Marx in 1848
• Karl Marx argues
• Society is a fight between two classes HAVES
  HAVE-NOTS
• Capitalism only helps the Haves
• Under Communism
• The Have-nots would defeat the Haves
• The Have-nots would then create a classless
  community where power is shared equally

4
Revolution in Russia

• Causes (Pre-1917)
• Majority of Russia lives in poverty
• There were many rebellions against the emperor
• Over 2 million Russian soldiers died in WWI
• The influence of Rasputin over the monarchy
• Result 1st Revolution
• March (Feb.) 1917 Czar Nicholas II gives up the
  throne

5
Revolution in Russia

• March November 1917 A temporary government is
  set up to continue fighting WWI
• April 1917 Lenin returns to Russia from exile in
  Europe for his socialist views
• April November 1917 Lenin builds his socialist
  Bolshevik party
• November 1917 Bolshevik Revolution overthrows
  the temporary government

6
Communist Russia

• March 1918 Russia withdraws from WWI
• 1918 1921 Communists (Bolsheviks) quell
• many rebellions from Russians
• attacks from the Allied countries of WWI
• 1918-1921 Lenin established new Communist rules
• A classless society
• A dictatorship of the working class to rule

7
Communism under Lenin

• 1922 The supreme Soviet government is set up
• Russia becomes the Union of Soviet Socialist
  Republics (USSR)
• All people over the age of 18 could vote
• The Communist party enforced its views through
  violence
• The State controlled all banks, factories,
  large industries
• 1924 Lenin dies Joseph Stalin came to power

8
Communism under Stalin

• Stalin was not Lenins choice for leader
• The government took full control of the country
• Oil, coal, steel became the top commodities
• Working conditions remained poor
• The government set all prices and wages
• 1934 1938 Stalin consolidated power by
  killing anyone who would oppose his rule (over 4
  million)

9
Life under Communism

• Communist leaders used force and propaganda to
  influence people
• All forms of media emphasized the greatness of
  communism
• Secret police (KGB) would
• arrest and kill any who opposed the state
• Recondition any who doubted the greatness of the
  state
• All religion was outlawed
• Party leaders become the rich upper class

10
Life under Communism

• Free education, healthcare, cheap housing
• Low standard of living
• Women were equal to men
• Government controlled everything people read,
  watched in movies or TV, and heard on the radio