Temperate Woodland

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Temperate Woodland

• By Jordan Wright

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Heres What they look like
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Heres Where to find one

• Temperate Woodland

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Producers

• Large areas of grasses and wildflowers are
  generally widespread.
• Shrubs with leathery leaves can also be found,
  along with oily herbs that grow in the winter.

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Primary Consumers

• The most generally noted primary consumers are
  small rodents like wood mice, shrews and voles.
  Yet there are other larger animals present in
  this category. An example being the blacktailed
  deer.

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Secondary Consumers

• The most common secondary consumers in the area
  are small carnivores like foxes, weasels, and
  badgers. Yet as the food chain progresses the
  size of the consumers does gradually rise,
  eventually leading to one of the largest
  secondary consumers in the area, the coyote.

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Tertiary Consumers

• Just as the secondary consumers before them, the
  size of the tertiary consumers does gradually
  rise from one species to another. Animals like
  wolves and Lynxes are some of the larger
  carnivores while the largest of the tertiary
  consumers would be the mountain lion.

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Decomposers

• At ground level, there is actually quite a
  variety of fungi. Many different types of
  mushrooms can be easily seen. As well as the
  toadstools which grow in certain seasons along
  with the mushrooms. There are also bacteria that
  break down dead organisms.

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Food Web
Mushrooms/toadstools
bacteria
wolves
lynxes
Mountain lion
foxes
coyotes
weasels
badgers
deer
voles
shrews
mice
Grasses
Shrubs/seeds
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Adaptations-Producers

• The first and most obvious adaptation that must
  be made, is to the ever changing weather. The
  Temperate Woodland has hot dry summers and cool
  moist winters. Because these seasons are so
  different, many plants are not present
  year-round.
• The second adaptation that must be made among the
  plant life of the Temperate Woodland is to the
  unusual population density. There are many areas
  on the ground level that are thickly populated
  with shrubs, these areas are referred to as
  chaparral. As a result of the chaparral other
  plants in the area must find ways to obtain
  energy and water that arent prevented or
  hindered by the lack of space.
• The third adaptation that must be made is
  actually connected to the second. Because of the
  growth of dense, low plants with flammable oils,
  fire is a serious threat. So the plants in the
  area must cope with this constant possibility.

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Adaptations-Primary Consumers

• As I have previously stated, the blacktailed deer
  is one primary consumer that is native to the
  Temperate Woodland. One adaptation that the
  blacktailed deer must make is to the necessary
  yet dangerous plant life. Although the deer eats
  plants, some plants in the area release lethal
  toxins. To combat this defense mechanism the deer
  will actually periodically ingest a small amount
  of the toxins in order to build an immunity.
• Another adaptation that the deer must make is to
  its predators. The deer uses ridges and hills
  during the day as heated-air rises to carry the
  smells of predators up to alert the deer.
• Much like the other organisms present, the deer
  must also adapt to the changes in weather. Not
  only do the deer try to avoid living in certain
  temperatures, the plants that the deer eats also
  appear in certain. Which means the deer must find
  other ways to obtain food.

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Adaptations-Secondary Consumers

• An example of a secondary consumer is the badger.
  A badger must often adapt to the other larger
  predators in the area. Rather its usual routine
  of simply gathering food, sometimes the badger
  must challenge other predators and compete for
  the catch.
• Another issue that the badger must adapt to is
  the frequent possibility of fires. To prevent
  damage to the badgers family and home, the badger
  creates a very intricate system of underground
  tunnels where the badger and his family resides.
• Because the badger cannot always win the
  competition for food sometimes the badger must
  also rely on eating plants. Yet the badger must
  adapt to the harmful plants as well as the
  blacktailed deer. Unlike the deer, the badger
  does not develop an immunity instead it
  diligently searches for certain berries or roots
  that it can ingest.

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Adaptations-Tertiary Consumers

• An example of a tertiary consumer is the mountain
  lion. One adaptation that the mountain lion can
  easily make is to the many different forms of
  terrain and wildlife that may be in its habitat.
  Because of the mountain lions speed, strength and
  high position on the food chain it can adapt to
  almost any surrounding.
• In a sense, the mountain lion must also adapt to
  population density. Because of the other
  predators that may challenge the mountain lion,
  the lion prevents invasion from others by marking
  its territory with visible spots of feces.
• A very serious adaptation that the mountain lion
  must make is to the human population. Humans have
  hunted mountain lions until now they are very
  close to being extinct. In order to prevent this
  threat the mountain lion is very weary of its
  surroundings and uses its speed to its advantage
  when escaping from others.

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Bibliography

• http//www.bornfree.org.uk/edupack/habitat/.htm
• http//www.projectwildlife.org/living-deer.htm
• http//www.mass.gov/dfwele/dfw/dfwimg/dfw_red_fox_
  yawn.jpg
• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/wolf
• http//www.burkesbackyard.com.au/2004/_data/page/4
  388/toadstools.jpg
• http//www.worldwildlife.org/wildworld/profiles/te
  rrestrial/aa/aa0409_full.html
• http//www.fungibank.csiro.au/topic_3_1_3.htm