What to do in the world of clusters

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What to do in the world of clusters?

• Nutek, VINNOVA and now the Region of Skåne in the
  south of Sweden
• Helene.vogelmann_at_skane.se
• 46768-930887

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How are innovative clusters created? seven
lessons learned from the Swedish cluster focus
group

• Cluster animator
• Support competence and skills development
• Meeting places
• Division of labor
• Brand building
• Shared cluster vision
• Focus on cluster-specific competitive advantages

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An effective cluster policy must

• be based on the concept that clusters are
  functional systems that always exceed
  administrative regions
• avoid limited industry policies and focus on
  growth companies alone
• be based on the concept that clusters develop in
  interplay with other intersecting clusters
• work in an integrated fashion with business,
  regional and cluster development
• understand that innovative processes are more
  than formal education and RD
• support the national innovation system

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Four Swedish national programs

• VINNVÄXT
• VISANU
• NUTEKs regional klusterprogramme
• ISAs national FDI programme

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A Systems Perspective EASY???
Ministries

• National level
• - policies
• regulations

Government Agencies
Financial support
Knowledge and contacts

• Regional level
• - priorities
• - infra structure
• financial support
• portfolio management

Regional Governance
Cluster level - identify company needs - create
synergies
Project level
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The Concepts no problem????
Innovation System
Formal rules
Social capital
Cluster

Facilitators
Networks Specialisation and concentration of
companies and competencies
Physical infra- structure
Supporting companies
Customers
Public funding
Technical infrastructure
Resources
Risk capital
Knowledge infrastructure
Adapted from Eriksson
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Dynamics of Cluster Development

• Process capital
• Dynamic cooperation
• - leadership visions
• mobilization
• organisation
• cooperation patterns
• social capital, values

Results of the initiative

• Structural capital
• Exploitation and development of resources
• regional assets
• infrastructure
• factor specialization
• Triple Helix

Provide soft and hard investments!
Source Visanu 20051
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Institutions for collaboration Cluster
Initiatives what animal is that?
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The CI Target Board Piece of cake
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Swedish Clusters
Industry classifications
Many-to-one
Many-to-one
Many-to-many
Many-to-one
!
SNI1992
NACErev.1
ISICrev. 3
SIC1987
Clusters

• 740 codes
• Five-digit codes
• Newsprint 21121

• 503 codes
• Four-digit codes
• Manuf. of paper and paperboard 21.12

• 292 codes
• Four-digit codes
• Manuf. of pulp, paper and paper board 2101

• 1006 codes
• Four-digit codes
• Paper mills 2621

• 41 codes

• Fundamental problems
• Granularity fewer SNI codes than SIC codes
• Overlap ambiguous relationships between SIC and
  ISIC/NACE/SNI

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Swedish Clusters
Byggmaterial
Byggkomponenter
IT
Turism
Automotive
Sport Underhållning
Elutrustning
Smycken
Processkontroll
Telekom
Entreprenadmask. Livsmedel
Kemi Kraft
Livsmedel
Entreprenadmask.
Kraft Elutrustning
Metall
Underhållning
Metall
Metall
Entreprenadmask. Processkontroll
Kemi Metall
Entreprenadmask. Processkontroll Elutrustning
Entreprenadmask. Smycken
Byggmaterial
Möbler Papper
Skor
Flyg Fiske Raffinaderier
Textil Kraft Telekom
Kraft
Textil Kemi Telekom Automotive Distribution Plast
Forskning
Livsmedel
Flyg
Textil Distribution Kläder
Entreprenadmask. Möbler Sport
Kemi Kraft Plast
Möbler
Elutrustning
Sport Fiske
Möbler
Textil Byggkomponenter Maskin
Telekom
Textil
Sport Automotive
Kemi
Medicin Jordbruk
Byggmaterial
Livsmedel
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ProcessIT Innovation
Cluster Initiatives
Georange, mining iWood Intelligent Vehicle
Off-Road IGIS, Geographic Info System
Sports events
Crystal Valley, LCD Triple Steelix
Bio Fuel Region
Food experience
Future Position X, GIS Ljusdal CRM/IKT Fiber
Optic Valley
The Packaging Arena
Biomedicine in West Innovative food Microwave
Road Open Arena Lindholmen Innovatum/Promedes Sust
ainable plastics Indoor Air Quality Cuture media
Uppsala Bio
Sthlm Bio Region Kista Science City, IT Creative
Industry
Robot Valley
Biotech Valley Information Design
New Tools of Life
Refine, manufacturing
Health Technology Alliance Food manufacturing
PUCK, plastic boats Sustainable Sweden
S.E. K-märkt, culture
Kingdome of aluminium Heavy Vehicles
Food Innovation Green Factory
Wireless communication, IT
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Challenges for a National Cluster Policy
Increase the systems perspective national
coordination, regional governance, mutual
learning Provide long term funding the
importance of facilitators and supporting infra
structures Link regional initiatives to
national priorities Support benchmarking,
analysis and methodology development, creative
thinking and exchange of experience Stimulate
development of international competitiveness
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• Regional Governance - Functions
• Prioritizing ability to focus and
  develop profiles
• Arenas and Change Agents stimulate
  meetings and discussions
• Learning develop shared visions and
  adaptation to new situation, strategic
  intelligence
• Implementation based on specific roles
  and responsibilities

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• Regional Governance - Activities
• Regional foresight discussions
• Cluster portfolio development
• Development of regional process
  indicators
• Road maps/ change strategies
• Study visits
• Seminars for exchanging experience
• Reports

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From a practical personal point of view..

• Do not analyse yourself to death
• Start with excisting clusters
• Steal, borrow and use it in your own context
• Look for the intersections between sectors of
  industry
• Measure your portfolio on a regional level
• Educate public servants in clusters and
  innovation programmes
• Help and support the cluster management team
• Use the national level as a partner in learning
• Use EU funds in a strategic way

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Example of scores In Pegasus
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Retaining vs Attracting for Sweden we are all
in the game together
It is better of course to retain manufacturing
compared with losing manufacturing. But for the
future it is better to attract than retain.
Good reputation globally
New factory
Better output
Aiming for the future
Attract
Easier to attract competence
New technology
Good reputation in community
Top competence needed
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Contacts and support
Study visits national, regional levels with
different focus agendas Program design by
VINNOVA, Nutek and ISA Evaluation and mapping
benchmark and methods Process-support methods
and results Please contact Helene.vogelmann_at_regi
onskane.se