Life Cycles, Stages and Activities

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Life Cycles, Stages and Activities
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Key Ideas

• Many failed systems were abandoned because
  analysts tried to build wonderful systems without
  understanding the organization.
• The primarily goal is to create value for the
  organization.

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Key Ideas

• The systems analyst is a key person analyzing the
  business, identifying opportunities for
  improvement, and designing information systems to
  implement these ideas.
• It is important to understand and develop through
  practice the skills needed to successfully design
  and implement new information systems.

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THE SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE

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Major Attributes of the Life Cycle

• The project --
• Moves systematically through phases where each
  phase has a standard set of outputs
• Produces project deliverables
• Uses deliverables in implementation
• Results in actual information system
• Uses gradual refinement

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Project Phases

• Planning (Why build the system? How should the
  team go about building it?)
• Analysis (Who uses system, what will it do, where
  and when will the system be used?)
• Design (How will the system work?)
• Implementation (System delivery)

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Planning

• Identifying business value
• Analyze feasibility
• Develop work plan
• Staff the project
• Control and direct project

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Analysis

• Analysis strategy
• Gathering business requirements
• Requirements definition use cases
• Process modeling
• Data modeling

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Design

• Design selection
• Architecture design
• Interface design
• Data storage design
• Program design

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Implementation

• Construction
• Program building
• Program and system testing
• Installation
• Conversion strategy
• Training plan
• Support plan

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Processes and Deliverables
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SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT METHODOLOGIES

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What Is a Methodology?

• A formalized approach to implementing the SDLC
• A series of steps and deliverables
• Methodology Categories

• Process-Centered
• Data-Centered
• Object-Oriented

• Structured Design
• Rapid Application Development
• Agile Development

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Waterfall Development Methodology
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Pros and Cons of the Waterfall Methodology
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Rapid Application Development

• Incorporate special techniques and tools
• CASE tools
• JAD sessions
• Fourth generation/visualization programming
  languages
• Code generators

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How Prototyping Works
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Pros and Cons of Prototyping Methodology
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TEAM ROLES AND SKILLS

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Information Systems Roles

• Business analyst
• Systems analyst
• Infrastructure analyst
• Change management analyst
• Project manager

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Summary

• The Systems Development Lifecycle consists of
  four stages Planning, Analysis, Design, and
  Implementation
• Major development methodologies the waterfall
  method, the phased development method, system
  prototyping.
• There are five major team roles business
  analyst, systems analyst, infrastructure analyst,
  change management analyst and project manager.