Citing Sources in the Text

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Citing Sources in the Text

• Engaging in the professional conversation

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Introducing Quotes Guidelines

• Set the context of who said the quote, in what
  context it was said, and why you are using it.
• Explain the significance of your quote directly
  following the use of it.
• Introduce your quotes in a natural way that flows
  with the ideas of the paper.

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The language of introduction samples

• According to Thompson and McGrew, "The average
  salary of a social worker is approximately that
  of a..."
• As Peregrine puts it, "...
• Julia Vellacourt agrees with Thorton's view,
  proposing that...
• Commenting on the present economic situation,
  Samuel Bernstein declares, "...

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Samples, cont.

• A recent opponent of the bill, Senator Okinawa,
  argues that...
• Edward Spicer, an authority on the Navajos,
  predicts that...
• On the other hand, Ralph Beals, another leading
  authority on Navajos, contends that...
• Oppenheim sums up the situation as "a total
  frustration of reason and logic."

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Samples, cont.

• "It is perfectly true that figures don't lie,"
  admits Sarah Verensky in her recent article,
  "but...
• Jane Potts explains the flaws in the Senator's
  argument. She points out that...

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Useful Tag Verbs
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Quotation Location some patterns

• At the beginning
• "Lets put love under a microscope," Toufexis
  argues, because scientific love can give you as
  much pleasure as romantic love (165).

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In the middle

• In her essay, Toufexis gives credit to a specific
  chemical, Oxytocin, for "enhancing orgasms"
  which may certainly explain the physiological
  reaction in mating (167).

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At the end

• Toufexis describes the effects of love as "goofy
  grins and sweaty palms" (166).

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Divided by your own words

• Lovers often claim that they feel as if they are
  being swept away, and research suggests that
  they are indeed literally flooded by chemicals"
  (166).

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Introducing a statement with a colon

• As Toufexis notes, the critical for a love match
  is learned in childhood and we put it all
  together as adults "All the information gathered
  while growing up is imprinted in the brains
  circuitry by adolescence. Partners never meet
  each and every requirement, but a significant
  number of matches can light up the wires" (168).

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Introducing a statement with a comma

• Love produces wonderful feelings, and as Fisher
  notes, "That is one reason why it feels so
  horrible when we're abandoned or a lover dies"
  (167).

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Introducing a statement using that

• With true love, she argues that "age is not
  vital" (167).

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Introducing a statement using As. . .
said/suggests

• Toufexis also shows us through others how love
  and nature coincide, for as Walsh suggests,
  "Nature has wired us for one special person"
  (167).

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Long Quotes (more than four lines, double
spaced)

• Introducing a long, indented (block) quotation
  requires a complete sentence and a colon
• Oppenheim sums up the situation in the following
  words
• Jeremiah Jones echoes the traditional view in his
  recent statement

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In Closing

• identify the source
• summarize to provide context
• paraphrase to adjust syntax
• directly quote to lend authority or precision
• comment to assure coherence