Daylighting Strategies for Libraries

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Library Journals Design Institute 9 May 2008
Daylighting Strategies for Libraries
"The 'USGBC Member Logo' is a trademark owned by
the U.S. Green Building Council and is used by
permission. The logo signifies only that BSA
Architects is a USGBC member USGBC does not
review, certify, or endorse the products or
services offered by its members."
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Daylighting Basics
Initial Design Considerations
Daylight Availability - Latitude / Climate /
Orientation / Obstructions
Daylighting The practice of utilizing natural
light within a building requires careful planning
to balance heat gain and loss, control glare, and
adjust for variations in daylight availability.
This design strategy can significantly cut energy
use improve the health and comfort of building
occupants.

• Low Latitudes (Tropical)
• Less Seasonal Variation of Daylight Levels
• Preventing Overheating by Limiting Daylight from
  Sky
• Admit Daylight from Lower Region of Sky
• Use Indirect Light Reflected from the Ground

• High Latitudes (Arctic)
• Distinct Summer Winter Conditions
• Maximize Daylight Penetration into Buildings
• Redirect Daylight into Buildings from the Sky

Daylighting Opportunities
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Traditional Daylighting in Libraries
Windows - Perimeter Daylighting Strategies
Significant Variation Throughout the Day Requires
Sun Control
Fairfax Library
Belvedere-Tiburon Library
Transmittance and Reflective Properties
Reflective Interior Finishes

• Sun Control Strategies
• Roof Overhangs
• Window Shades
• Orientation

Limited Daylight Penetration Higher Windows /
Light Shelves
Get the Book Bring it to the Light
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Modern Daylighting in Libraries
Clerestory Perimeter Windows
Danville Public Library
Clerestory Orientation South Facing Most
Daylight Related Glare North Facing Most
Consistent Light Control

• Sun Control Strategies
• Roof Overhangs
• Tinted Glazing

Daylight to the Center
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Modern Daylighting in Libraries
Light Monitors Functional Windows
Light Monitors East/West Facing Option

• Sun Control Strategies
• Diffused Glazing
• Tinted Glazing

Dublin Civic Center Library
View Windows vs. Light Windows Room for Books!
Purposeful Windows
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Contemporary Daylighting in Libraries
Toplight vs. Sidelight
Folsom Public Library

• Toplighting Characteristics
• Deeper Penetration of Daylight
• More Consistent Light Quality
• Higher Daylighting Levels

• Sidelighting Characteristics
• Provides for Views and Daylight
• Allows for Manual Controls
• Effective for Multistory Buildings

Toplight vs. Sidelight
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Contemporary Daylighting in Libraries
Daylight Control
Folsom Public Library

• Sun Control Strategies
• Tinted Glazing
• Exterior Sunshades
• Translucent Shades
• Orientation Location

Preserving the Views
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LEEDTM Certification
Credits Related to Daylighting Views

• LEEDTM Certification Credits (Typical)
• LEED EQ Credit 8.1 - Daylighting Views
  (Daylight 75)
• (Windows and Skylights providing Daylight to
  Regularly Occupied Spaces)
• LEED EQ Credit 8.2 - Daylighting Views (Views
  for 90)
• (Windows providing Views from Regularly Occupied
  Spaces)
• LEED EQ Credit 6.1 - Controllability of Systems
  (Lighting)
• (Daylight Sensors and Controls Tiered Switching
  Daylight Harvesting)
• LEED EQ Credit 6.2 - Controllability of Systems
  (Thermal Comfort)
• (Operable Windows as Individual Thermal Control)
• LEED EA Credit 1 - Optimize Energy Performance
• (Daylight Sensors and Controls Daylight
  Harvesting)
• LEEDTM Certification Credits (Exceptional)
• LEED EQ Credit 2 - Increased Ventilation
• (Operable Windows Skylights for Naturally
  Ventilated Spaces)
• LEED EQ Credit 7.1 - Thermal Comfort
• (Operable Windows Skylights for Naturally
  Ventilated Spaces)

The introduction of innovative, advanced
daylighting strategies and systems can
considerably reduce a buildings electricity
consumption and can also significantly improve
the quality of the indoor environment.
United States Green Building Council
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Future of Daylighting in Libraries
Title 24 Requirements and Energy Modeling

• 2008 California Title 24 Energy Standards April
  2008
• Prescriptive Requirement for Skylights and
  Electric Lighting Controls
• Spaces Greater than 8,000 S.F. with Ceiling
  Height of 15 Feet
• Skylights as Effective Toplighting Strategy
• Higher Efficiency Daylight Source Increased
  Energy Savings
• More Consistent Light Distribution Simpler
  Controls
• Promoted by Savings for Design
• Building Information Modeling (BIM)
• Energy Modeling integrated with Building Model
• Computer Visualizations and Analysis

On overcast days, light levels are equal in all
compass directions but the light is three times
as bright directly above than it is at the
horizon.
Integrated Design and Controls
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E H D D A R C H I T E C T U R E
www.ehdd.com
Library Journal Design Institute   May 9, 2008 ?
San Francisco, CA
Scott Shell, AIA, LEED AP Principal Greta Jones
Associate Principal Andy Sohn, AIA, LEED AP
Associate Michelle Hill, LEED AP Associate
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E H D D A R C H I T E C T U R E
www.ehdd.com
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economy
community
culture
environment
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clean water run-off
green roofs
exceed LEED
environment
daylight harvesting
energy efficiency
adaptive reuse
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joint-use facilities
maximize operational efficiency
revenue generation
economy
environment
reduce energy costs
extended service hours
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participation
celebrations
support families individuals
economy
community
environment
personal/ professional
community education
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the arts
diversity
personalities
economy
community
environment
culture
history
generations
beyond the book
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Achieving sustainability will be more about how
we use our buildings than managing what goes into
building them.
economy
community
environment
culture
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What sustains you?
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Our Environmental Lab
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Libraries By Design
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The Backlash
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The Possibilities
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The Consequences
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Five Sustainable Strategies 1. Daylighting 2.
Underfloor Air Distribution 3. Geothermal 4.
Existing Buildings 5. Teaching Tool
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Strategy 1. Daylighting
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Strategy 2. Underfloor Air Distribution
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Strategy 3. Geothermal
Geoexchange systems represent less than 1 percent
of all heating and cooling units in the U.S., but
that small number of units is conserving more
than 21 million barrels of crude oil and
eliminating 6 million tons of CO2 annually.
Geothermal Heat Pump National and International
Initiative
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Strategy 4. Existing Buildings
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Strategy 4. Existing Buildings
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Strategy 5. Teaching Tool
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An Inconvenient Truth
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Pfeiffer Partners Sustainable Design Library
Journal Design Institute May 9, 2008 Stephanie
Kingsnorth, AIA, LEED AP, Principal
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public libraries
SUSTAINABLE DESIGN
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academic libraries
SUSTAINABLE DESIGN
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existing building / preservation
SUSTAINABLE DESIGN
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partnerships
SUSTAINABLE DESIGN
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Sustainable Design

• Sustainable design is meeting the needs of the
  present without compromising the ability of
  future generations to meet their needs.
• No Community in the Developed World is
  Sustainable.

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Environmental Impact of Buildings

• Buildings are responsible for almost half (48)
  of all GHG emissions annually.
• 76 of all electricity generated by U.S. power
  plants goes to supply the building sector.
• 40 of raw material use globally
• 136 million tons of construction and demolition
  waste in the U.S.

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Green Library Design Process

• Incorporate Passive Solar Concepts - Site
  Specific
• Supplement with highly efficient building
  Systems.
• Include building systems commissioning and
  Building Certification

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Oakton Library Oakton, Virginia

• New 17,300 SF New Facility
• 4.64 million
• Completed 2007
• LEED Certification
• Sustainable site
• Water Efficiency
• Energy Atmosphere
• Materials Resources
• Indoor Environmental Quality
• Innovation Design Process

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Timberglen Branch Library Dallas, Texas

• New 18,000 SF New Facility
• 3.6 million
• Completed November 2006
• LEED Silver
• Sustainable site
• Water Efficiency
• Indoor Environmental Quality
• Innovation Design Process
• Energy Atmosphere
• Materials Resources

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Irving Valley Ranch LibraryCity of Irving, Texas

• New 26,000 SF Facility
• 3.5 million
• Completed Fall 2007
• Sustainable Design Features
• Natural Day lighting
• North Facing Clerestory Windows
• Efficient Lighting and Controls
• Shelled space for expansion
• Exterior Shading Devices

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PSA-Dewberry Efforts Actions

• Adopted the 2030 Challenge Committed to meet
  the targets outlined by the initiative
• EPA Energy Star Partner
• USGBC member
• 50 LEED Accredited Professionals

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