Contextaware service framework for future internet

1
Context-aware service framework for future
internet

• Nov. 2007
• Dongman Lee / ICU

2
Table of contents

• Overview
• Context aware service in other future internet
  initiatives
• Research topics
• Location context
• Service interaction
• Service discovery
• Conclusion
• Future directions

3
Overview Context Aware Services

• Context awareness
• Linking changes in the environment with computer
  systems, which are otherwise static
• Considerations
• Capture and exploit context information
• Spontaneous and ad hoc service interaction
• Service centric networking

4
Overview Research topics
Application
Service
support
match
Service discovery
Context awareness
Location context
Support (as enabler as well as context)
Support (as context)
Service interaction
Network
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Context aware service in other future internet
initiatives

• Projects in NSF NeTS FIND
• A Geometric Stack for Location-Aware Networking
• New geometric stack for enabling general purpose
  spatial communications
• Service-Centric End-to-End Abstractions for
  Network Architecture
• Services can be specified by end-systems, mapped
  to resources inside the network, and controlled
  during their operation.
• An Internet Architecture for User-Controlled
  Routes
• An Internet architecture that enables users or
  their end-systems to select the paths their
  packets take through the network.
• CABO Concurrent Architectures are Better Than
  One
• Allows a service provider to operate multiple
  virtual networks, each of which is tailored to a
  specific application

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Context aware service in other future internet
initiatives (cont.)

• EC FP7 Work Programme 2007-08
• Target outcome of Objective ICT-2007.1.1 The
  Network of the Future
• a) Ubiquitous network infrastructures and
  architectures supporting iv) context
  awareness
• Target outcome of Objective ICT-2007.1.2
  Service and Software Architectures,
  Infrastructures and Engineering
• a) Service architectures, platforms,
  technologies, methods and tools that enable
  context awareness and discovery, advertising,
  personalisation and dynamic composition of
  services.

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Location context

• Motivation
• The Internet will not be successfully translated
  to the mobile world without location awareness
  which is a significant enabler in order to
  translate the Internet into a viable mobile
  economy -- Bob Egan, Vice President / Mobile
  Wireless, Gartner Group
• Positioning technologies
• GPS / Cellular networks / WLANs
• Other location contexts
• Direction / Mobility / Space / Co-location

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Location context (cont.)

• Recent trends
• IETF
• ECRIT (Emergency Context Resolution with Internet
  Technologies)
• Open mobile alliance (OMA)
• Mobile location protocol (MLP)
• An application-level protocol for getting the
  position of mobile stations independent of
  underlying network technology
• WLANs
• IEEE 802.11u, 802.11v, 802.11k want to augment
  functions for location service
• E.g. in 802.11v, each AP can have its geographic
  or civic location

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Location context (cont.)

• Summary
• Accurate positions play vital roles
• No single winner
• Convergence of various (especially wireless)
  communication technologies will help to enhance
  the precision of positioning technologies
• Eventually, wired world as well as wireless world
  will benefit from location context

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Service interaction

• Motivation
• Human factor
• Human resource is the most precious factor.
• Recognition is easier than recall.
• ? Communication should be designed to require
  less human intellectual power.
• Internet today
• Data transfer ltlt Request Reply
• 80 of traffic is HTTP.
• Yahoo ltlt Google
• Contents rather than sites
• UCC, Blog, Cyworld,
• Publish or perish

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Service interaction (cont.)

• Recent trends
• TRIAD
• Defines content layer that provides content
  routing, caching and transformation
• End points are designated by names (or URLs)
  while IP addresses are used as transient routing
  tags.
• DONA
• A data item is identified by a self-certifying
  flat label, which is used to fetch and route the
  item.
• Content centric networking in Xerox PARC
• Shifts focus from transmitting data by geographic
  location (or address) to disseminating it via
  named content.
• Haggle
• Asynchronous and data-centric network
  architecture designed for local connectivity
  resources

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Service interaction (cont.)

• Summary
• Putting more intelligence in the network
• Application layer information as routing target
• From implicit data with explicit addressing to
  explicit data with implicit addressing
• (Explicitly) utilizes intermediate nodes
• E.g. Store-and-forward in delay tolerant network
• E.g. Video transformation in the network
• Added primitives
• Network should support ADVERTISE / REQUEST /
  REPLY of services as well as routing of packets.
• These primitives are NOT new since they have been
  used in routing protocols (esp. in MANETs).

13
Service discovery

• Service-centric networking
• Current Internet Finding paths to network nodes
• Applications run on top of routing.
• Future Internet Finding paths to services
• Applications run on top of Service Discovery
• Requirements
• Semantic Matching
• Similarity-based service matching and ranking
• Personalization
• Scalability

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Service discovery (cont.)

• Recent trends
• Service discovery in MANETs
• Flooding based
• Tight coupling between SD and routing
• DHT based
• Data items are distributed randomly in the
  network
• Nodes whose are logical neighbors of each other
  store unrelated data items
• Efficient in data lookup but support only
  syntactic matching
• Semantic encoding/indexing
• Target the problem of distributed
  similarity-based searching
• Key idea encode data items (service instance) to
  keys
• Semantic-preservation

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Service discovery (cont.)

• Summary
• DHT-based architecture seems to be a better
  choice for design
• Separate complex function into layers
• Designing a shared infrastructure is still
  challenging
• Service/data representations are
  application-specific.
• Personalized service discovery and ranking is the
  key for a shared infrastructure

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Conclusion
Scalability
Location context
Security
Scalable directory management and message
forwarding
Ubiquity
? ? ? ? ?
? ? ? ? ?
Dynamic peer binding
Service interaction
Reconfigurability

?
Mobility
Adapt to networks
Heterogeneity
Service discovery
Semantics based matching
Manageability
Network as context
Context awareness
Context awareness
Context-based ranking
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Future directions

• Context awareness
• Distributed context management
• Group context management
• Location context
• Non anchored ad hoc localization
• Inter-space location management
• Naming
• Non anchored unified naming
• Service/Contents Creation/Dissemination Network
• Content based networking
• Trust based Security
• Self certifying system
• Trust based service discovery, dissemination,
  composition