Laudon

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Laudon Laudon, Chapter 9THE INTERNET AND
THENEW INFORMATIONTECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE
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Management Challenges

• The Internet and new information technologies
  raise the following challenges
  
• Taking a broader perspective on infrastructure
  development
  
• Selecting technologies for the new information
  technology (IT) infrastructure

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Internetworking

• Links separate networks into an interconnected
  network

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Connectivity

• Measures how well computers and computer-based
  devices communicate

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Models of Connectivity for Networks

• Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
  (TCP/IP)
  
• US Dept of Defense reference model for linking
  different computers networks
  
• Open Systems Interconnect (OSI)
• International reference model for linking
  different computers networks
  
• 802.11b
• Standard developed for wireless LANS, 11Mbps, 100
  meters
  
• Bluetooth
• Standard for wireless personal area networks
  transmit 720 Kbps, 10 meters

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Internet Service Provider (ISP)

• Commercial organization with a permanent
  connection to Internet
  
• Sells temporary connections to subscribers

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Information appliance

• Device customized to perform few specialized
  computing tasks with minimal user effort

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Electronic Mail (E-Mail)

• Connects people worldwide
• Creates productivity gain

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LISTSERV

• On-line discussion groups, Uses e-mail broadcast
  from mailing list servers

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Chatting

• Live, interactive conversations over public
  network

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Instant messaging

• Chat service, Allows participants to create their
  own private chat channels

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Telnet

• Allows users to log on to one computer system
  while working on another

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File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

• Tool for retrieving and transferring files from a
  remote computer

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Internet2

• Research network with new protocols and
  transmission speeds ,
  
• Provides an infrastructure for supporting high
  bandwidth Internet applications

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WORLD WIDE WEB

• Based on a standard hypertext language called
  hypertext markup language (HTML)
  
• Combines text, hypermedia, graphics, and sound
• Handles all types of digital communication
• Uses graphical user interfaces for easy viewing

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Search Engine

• Locates specific sites or information on Internet

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Shopping Bot

• Software with varying levels of built-in
  intelligence, Helps electronic commerce shoppers
  locate and evaluate products or services

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Push technology

• Broadcast information directly to users.

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Firewall

• Hardware or software placed between an
  organizations internal network and external
  network

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Extranets

• Private intranets extended to authorized users
  outside company

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Wireless Web

• Web-based applications
• Enables users to access digital information from
  the Internet

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Wireless Web Standards

• Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)
• WML (Wireless Markup Language)
• Microbrowser
• I-mode

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Wireless Web Challenges

• Keyboards and screens of cell phones tiny and
  awkward to use
  
• Very slow data transfer speeds
• Minimal memory and limited power supplies in
  Internet-enabled phones
  
• Web content primarily in text with very little
  graphics
  
• Incompatible technologies

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INTERNET BENEFITS

• Connectivity and global reach
• Reduced communication costs
• Lower transaction costs
• Reduced agency costs
• Interactivity, flexibility, and customization
• Accelerated distribution of knowledge

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Hit

• Entry into Web servers log file

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Electronic commerce server software

• Provides functions essential for running
  e-commerce Web sites
  
• Collecting and storing data
• Combining data with already stored data
• Analyzing the data
• Identifying customer preferences and trends

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WEB CONTENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

• Software to facilitate collection, assembly, and
  management of content on Web site, intranet, or
  extranet
  
• Monitors time taken for downloading Web pages
• Identifies broken links between Web pages, Web
  site problems, and bottlenecks

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CHALLENGES

• Loss of management control
• Connectivity and application integration
  challenges
  
• Organizational change requirements
• Hidden costs of enterprise computing
• Scalability, reliability, and security downtime

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POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS

• Change management
• Education and training
• Data administration disciplines
• Planning for connectivity and application
  integration

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