Oracle on Linux

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Oracle on Linux Northwest Chicagoland Linux
Users Group at Harper College July 2, 2002
Robert Stackowiak Sr. Director, E-Business
Intelligence Enterprise Technology Center Oracle
Corporation email Robert.Stackowiak_at_oracle.com
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Agenda

• Brief Oracle background
• Oracle - Dell - Red Hat
• Oracle database on Linux
• Oracle Real Application Clusters
• Where to find more information

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Oracle Corporation

• 11 Billion Revenue
• 250,000 Customers
• 145 Countries
• 40,000 Employees

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Oracle9i Products

• 9i Database
• 9i Application Server (Oracle9iAS)
• 9i Developer Suite (Oracle9iDS)

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Key Development Focus Areas for Oracle9i
DevelopmentPlatform
Internet ContentManagement
Scalability Performance
B2C and B2BeBusiness
Availability
PackagedApplications
Manageability
BusinessIntelligence
Security
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Oracle9i Release 2New Features

• Oracle9iDB Release 2
• XML DB Native XML database functionality
• Cluster File System simplified cluster
  computing on Windows and Linux
• Data Guard Standby Database always available
  for reporting, back-up, ad-hoc query
• Complete and Integrated OLAP scalable analytics
  where the data lives
• Table Compression cut data warehouse disk space
  requirements by 50

• Oracle9iAS Release 2
• Clustering High availability and load balancing
• Web Services Enabled with support for SOAP 1.1,
  WSDL 1.0, and UDDI 2.0
• J2EE 1.3 support the fastest and most complete
  Java platform
• Zero Planned Downtime complete online
  maintenance

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Oracle9i Application Server Architecture
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Oracle9iAS Release 2 New Features

• HTTP Server
• Integration OC4J, OEM, SSO
• Proxy Plug-In
• High Availability
• Java Object Cache
• Diagnostic Logging
• OC4J
• J2EE 1.3
• Stack Integration
• 3rd Party JMS, JDBC, OR-Mapping
• Manageability
• Web Services
• J2EE/PLSQL
• WSDL Generation
• UDDI, SOAP 2.0
• EAR file deployment
• Stream Processing
• BC4J
• 9iDB Support

• Portal
• New Builder
• New Component PortletsIntegration Wireless
• Performance Scalability
• Wireless
• Push SMS,
• PIM Email
• SDK
• Advanced Customization
• Web Cache
• Clustering, Partitioning
• Multiple Virtual Hosts
• XSLT Support
• Validation-based caching
• ESI Language Portal Extensions
• Oracle9i File System
• Portlet
• Integration Wireless, Web Cache, OEM
• InterConnect

• Discoverer
• Portlets, Scheduling
• Aggregation enhancements
• Connection Management
• Integration Web Cache, Reports
• Reports
• Pluggable Notifications, Engines Data Sources
• Event based publishing
• Enhanced Bursting
• Integration Portal
• Personalization
• Stack Integration
• Clickstream Intelligence
• Brand New
• Internet Directory
• User Authentication via SSO, OID
• Delegated and Self Admin
• Single, central user definition
• OEM

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Oracle E-Business Suite
Marketing
Supply Chain
Sales
Customers, Products, EverythingElse!
Procurement
Service
HR
OrderManagement
Financials
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Oracle on Linux Recent Certifications

• Oracle9i release 2 RDBMS
• Oracle9iAS release 2
• Oracle 11i Applications 11.5.7All certified on
• Red Hat 2.1 Advanced Server
• SuSE Linux Enterprise Server 7

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Oracle9i Database Most Popular on Linux
Linux database market to grow from 63.9 million
in 2001 to 5.1 billion by 2006, IDC, eWeek
6/10/2002
Oracle9i 46.4
Editors Choice Award April, 2002
Source IDC, October 2001
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Survey of Linux Developers Which Application
Server do you most commonly use?
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Oracle Dell Red Hat

• Dell has worked extensively with Oracle to
  deliver the first Oracle9i Database Certified
  Configuration running Red Hat Linux and the first
  Oracle clustering certification on Dell / EMC
  storage
• Dell press release, 4/29/2002

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Oracle Direct SupportJune 5, 2002

• Oracle provides direct support for Red Hat Linux
  Advanced Server
• First and only operating system that Oracle
  supports directly

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Typical Customer Quotes in the Press

• (In the past,) no one could point to a version
  of Linux with Enterprise support. With Oracle
  supporting it, that is a huge advantage.
• David Brown, Sr. Emerging Technologies Architect,
  Vector SCM, eWeek 6/10/2002
• The Linux-on-Intel combination should give
  businesses a lower-cost alternative to running
  Oracle on Unix systems
• Bernard Havlik, IT director of Menasha Corp.,
  (InformationWeek, 6/10/2002).

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Typical Reactions by Analysts

• Gartner Group
• "None of the other databases Linux supports have
  the shared, concurrent scaling potential of
  Oracle9i RAC."
• Meta Group
• Senior Analyst Mark Shinman said customers
  running Oracle9i Database on Red Hat Linux only
  have to work with one vendor to receive support,
  such as bug fixes and patches. This is actually
  giving some validity for Linux in the
  enterprise."
• Giga Information Group
• Analyst Stacey Quant said "The potential
  price-performance with Oracle on Red Hat will be
  much more preferable over (Microsoft)."

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Oracle Using Linux Extensively

• Oracle plans to deploy all Oracle9iAS used
  internally on Linux by the end of 2003.
• Larry Ellison, June 2002

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Oracle9i RDBMS Background Continuous Performance
Innovation

• Cost-based optimizer (Oracle7)
• 64-bit SMP and NUMA support (Oracle7)
• Static bit-map indexing (Oracle7)
• Parallel bit-mapped star joins (Oracle8)
• Materialized Views (Oracle8i)
• Real Application Clusters (Oracle9i)
• Dynamic run-time memory allocation (Oracle9i)
• OLAP Services (Oracle9i)
• ETL enablement features (Oracle9i)

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Oracle9i RDBMS BackgroundContinuous Management
Innovation

• Oracle Enterprise Manager (Oracle7)
• Oracle Parallel Server high availability
  (Oracle7)
• Range (Oracle8), Composite Partitioning
  (Oracle8i)
• Adaptive Degree of Parallelism (Oracle8i)
• Resource Manager CPU (Oracle8i)
• List Partitioning (Oracle9i)
• Resource Manager query governor, automatic
  queuing, reprioritization (Oracle9i)
• Memory allocation at query time (Oracle9i)
• Row level label security (Oracle9i)
• Table compression (Oracle9i)

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Oracle RDBMS on Linux Architecture

• Process based
• Background tasks include database writers, log
  writer, process monitors
• Foreground tasks include incoming client
  connections
• Each process gets own memory
• 8 TB of address space on 64-bit systems
• Linux filesystem (ext2) raw file support
• 64-bit I/O support
• Maximum database file size 64 GB
• Maximum database with 16KB blocks is 4 petabytes

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Oracle Red Hat Performance Scalability
Enhancements

• I/O Subsystem
• Asynchronous I/O in Linux kernel enabling
  thousands of simultaneous I/O requests with a
  single call
• Eliminated multiple copies of memory buffers
  while writing to disk
• Reduced contention for kernel locks
• Spin locks for fine-grained locking

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Oracle Red Hat Performance Scalability
Enhancements

• Virtual Memory Subsystem
• Linux kernel capacity limits increased tenfold on
  Intel 32-bit platforms
• Red Hat Advanced Server 2.1 smp kernel supports 4
  GB RAM enterprise kernel supports 64 GB RAM
• Enables larger SGA up to 62 GB, more data cached
• Configurable process mapped base and Page Table
  Entries (PTEs) in the highmem and bigpages
  features
• Future 64-bit Linux Support on Itanium 2

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Oracle Red Hat Reliability Manageability
Enhancements

• Kernel breakpoints identified
• Enhancements to I/O, memory management,
  networking, process scheduling to improve
  stability under high loads
• Improved tools
• Oracle lsraid utility for RAID storage
  management
• Additional Red Hat crash dump analysis and bug
  resolution tools
• Future Cluster File System from Oracle

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Linux Cluster Strategy

• Faster Software
• Run Database on Clusters of Linux Computers
• Faster Computer
• More Processors 2x16 or 8x4
• Faster Processors 4 _at_ 900 MHz
• Linux Operating System
• Red Hat Linux Advanced Server
• No Single Point of Failure
• Lowest Cost

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Oracle9i Cluster Reliability

• No Single Point Of Failure
• More Reliable

Clustered Web Caches
Clustered Web Servers
Clustered J2EE Servers
Clustered Database
Oracle9iAS
Oracle9iDB Oracle9i RAC
Oracle9iAS
Oracle9iAS
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No Single Point of Failure

• Real Application Clusters
• Exploits clusters for very high availability
• Overcomes the limitations of traditional failover
  solutions by providing
• Concurrent processing
• Load Balancing
• Fast time to recovery
• No single point of failure
• Network, Storage
• CPU, OS

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Real Application Clusters Manageability

• Single system Image
• Single Oracle Database
• One virtual system to configure and manage
• Single management console
• Cluster-wide monitoring and diagnostics

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Oracle9i RAC Cost Savings

• Groups of low cost computers
• Lower cost Linux
• Failover computer isnt idle
• System availability 24 hours a day regardless of
  human presence

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RAC Runs Real Applications

• Real Application Clustering is Real
• SAP Certification
• 600 Customers
• Real Application Clustering is Economical
• Red Hat Linux
• Intel IA32 IA64
• Real Application Clustering is Committed to Linux
• Major kernel enhancements to Red Hat Advanced
  Server
• Cluster File System contributed to Open Source

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Database Cluster Types

• Shared DiskRuns Real Applications
• Oracle9iDB
• IBM DB2 for Mainframes

• Shared Nothing and Federated Limited Use
• IBM DB2 UNIX Windows
• Microsoft SQL Server

All Data
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Real Application Clusters Architecture
Users
Network
Centralized Management Console
No Single Point Of Failure
Low Latency Interconnect VIA or Proprietary
High Speed Switch or Interconnect
ClusteredDatabase Servers
Hub or Switch Fabric
Storage Area Network
Drive and Exploit Industry Advances in Clustering
Mirrored Disk Subsystem
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Out-of-the-Box Transparent Application Scalability

• In the past clustered databases scaled well for
  specific types of applications
• Data Warehouse
• Parallel-enabled OLTP
• Oracle Real Application Clusters with Cache
  Fusion is a breakthrough in parallel database
  technology delivering transparent scalability to
  all types of applications

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Oracle9i Cache Fusion Architecture

• Full Cache Fusion
• Cache-to-cache data shipping
• Shared cache eliminatesslow I/O
• Enhanced IPC
• Allows flexibleand transparent deployment

Users
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Cache Fusion ManagesInter Instance Block Requests

• Readers and writers accessing instance A gain
  access to blocks in instance Bs buffer cache
• All types of block contention and access
• Coordination by Global Cache Service Global
  Enqueue Service

Request for BlockCache A
Lock StatusBlock inCache B

Read
Read
Write
Read
Read
Write
Write
Write
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Benefits of Cache Fusion
Without Cache Fusion
100
Blockaccesstime(milli-seconds)
WithCacheFusion
20
1
0.01
Block inremote cache
Block inlocal cache
Blockon disk
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FAA Command CenterHerndon, Virginia

• Operations data re-deployed to 12 Dell PowerEdge
  rack servers
• Oracle9i RAC
• Red Hat Linux
• Our goal is to try to minimize the different
  types of operating systems and vendors that were
  dealing with, and the Oracle9i Real Application
  Clusters Certified Configuration for Dell is
  allowing us to do that. The environment allows
  us a lot more flexibility in hardware and
  increased cost savings.
• John Kelly, Project Manager, KENROB Associates

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Total Cost of Ownership (TCO)

• TCO study comparing databases on a single RISC
  server vs. an Intel-based Linux cluster
• Includes hardware and software license prices
  (including typical discounts)
• Includes maintenance fees, support staff costs,
  cost of money

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Hardware Pricing

• RISC based single server
• 16-way Sun E6500
• 8 Sun Sbus Fibre Channel Network HBAs
• 2 EMC Clarrion FC4500 disk arrays (576 GB disk)
• Intel based with RAC
• 8 Dell PowerEdge 1550 2-way Pentium III 1.13 GHz
  rack servers, 2 GB RAM each
• 8 Qlogic Fibre Channel QLA2200f
• 2 EMC Clarrion FC4500 disk arrays (576 GB disk)

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Software Pricing

• For single Sun server, Oracle9i Enterprise
  Edition Veritas
• For Dell - Linux cluster, Oracle9i Enterprise
  Edition with Real Application Clusters option,
  PolyServe Matrix Server
• See http//www.polyserve.com for more information
  on PolyServe cluster file system for SANs

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Time of Purchase Costs

• With RAC, purchase servers as needed, reducing
  cost of capital
• Quantifiable cost-of capital benefit
• Unquantifiable benefit from increased capital and
  infrastructure flexibility
• Later purchase may benefit from Moores Law

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Human Support Costs

• Support costs grow as size of cluster grows
• Slightly higher rate for RISC system
  administrators and DBAs

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Total Cost of Ownership
Linux solution is 22.8 less expensive than RISC
solution.
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High Availability Benefits?

• Real Application Clusters provide a higher level
  of availability than a single machine
• Hot standby
• Rapid failover

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Cost of Downtime

• Gartner Group estimates downtime costs
  89,000/hour
• Standby configuration delivers 99.9 uptime
• Cluster delivers 99.999 uptime
• 8.5 hours more downtime with single machine

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Cost of Preventing Downtime

• To match availability characteristics, add a
  standby database server for the RISC solution

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Total Cost of Ownership
Linux solution is 53.1 less expensive than RISC
solution.
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Summary

• Oracle recognizes potential of Linux
• Oracle customers recognize growing potential of
  Linux
• Oracle is forming partnerships to address support
  needs of enterprise customers
• Oracle RD is
• Leveraging strong UNIX history
• Helping to grow the capabilities of Linux

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Where to get more Information

• http//www.oracle.com
• Product Information
• http//otn.oracle.com
• Software downloads
• Technical papers

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A