APPROACH TO ENERGY CONSCIOUS RETROFIT OF SLOVENIAN BUILDING STOCK

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• APPROACH TO ENERGY CONSCIOUS RETROFIT OF
  SLOVENIAN BUILDING STOCK
• Marjana IJANEC ZAVRL
• ZRMK, Technological Building and Civil
  Engineering Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia

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GENERAL DATA
CLIMATE 3200 DD ENERGY
USE Industry 29
Traffic 34
Other 37
(60 in residential
sector)
APARTMENTS 700.000 households
50 in
single-family houses
50 in apartment buildings

(90 privatized)
OLD BUILDINGS built before 1980 ENERGY
DEMAND 350 - 115 kWh/m2a AV. ENERGY USE
180 kWh/m2a
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ERECTED BUILDINGS FROM 1966 - 1991 IN SLOVENIA
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ENERGY SAVING POTENTIAL IN BUILDINGS

• technical
• 60 (windows 20 )
• economically viable
• 29 (PB lt 10 y)
• low medium cost measures
• envelope at major restoration
• socially acceptable
• dependent on homeowner attitude and investment
  resources
• public opinion analysis 1995/96

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SOCIALLY ACCEPTABLE ENERGY SAVING POTENTIAL -
public opinion analysis

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SOCIALLY ACCEPTABLE ENERGY SAVING POTENTIAL
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INCENTIVES FOR HOUSING SECTOR 1996, 1997

• grant subsidy scheme for low cost investment in
  1996 (Ministry of Economic Affairs allocated the
  founds for the incentives for implementation of
  energy saving measures in 2800 households in
  Slovenia.
• loft insulation (in 355 households) - (2 EUR) 350
  SIT/m2 with max. (150 EUR) 28.000 SIT/household,
  i.e. aprox. cost of insulation material for
  unused attics in average building,
• window tightening (in 944 households) - (2 EUR)
  400 SIT/m of window frame with max. (50 EUR)
  10.000 SIT/household, aprox. cost of window
  tightening in smaller apartment,
• oil burner adjustment (in 1229 households).- (30
  EUR) 5.500 SIT, i.e. cost of the service.

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INCENTIVES FOR HOUSING SECTOR 1998 - 2002

• grant subsidy scheme for medium cost investments
  - implementation of EE windows and glazing in
  existing and new houses
• anticipated rate of window exchange in
  households
• 21 in 5 years public opinion analysis
• aprox. 640.000 EUR of subsidies allocated to the
  households
• EE windows and glazing (in 2985 households) -
  (average subsidy 200 EUR/household i.e. 10-15
  investment or the incremental investment in
  energy efficient glazing, average pay back 2 -
  2.5 years
• savings 11600 MWh/year, CO2 reduction 2458
  tons/year

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SUBSIDISED WINDOW TECHNOLOGY

• FRAMES
• U lt 1.6 W/m2K
• GLAZING
• U lt 1.4 W/m2K
• OVERALL
• U lt 1.6 W/m2K (ISO/DIS 10077)
• LOW AIR PERMEABILITY
• Class C (SIST 1018)

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QUALITY LABEL IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
? PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS
? PRODUCTION PROCESS
? QUALITY OF SERVICE
? INTEGRAL SUSTAINABLE CRITERIA IN THE
DECISION-MAKING PROCESS
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? NON-OBLIGATORY CERTIFICATION LABEL
? NATIONAL CHARACTER
? SUPPORTING IDENTIFICATION OF EE WINDOWS
? EVALUATION SCHEME
? PONDERED CRITERIA
? RESULTS TRANSFORMED INTO POINTS
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REGULATION on TI and EE of BUILDINGS

• 1875 Bauordnung Austrian Hungarian Empire
  full brick outer wall 45 cm Umax lt 1.3 W/m2K
• 1970 - Regulation on min. tech. requirements for
  thermal insulation of buildings outer wall
  Umax lt 1.3 W/m2K

• 1980 - JUS.U.J5.600 outer wall Umax lt 0.8
  W/m2K
• 1984 - spec. Heat loss of building Q max lt
  714fo W/m3(foA/V)recalculated in the form of
  EN 832 Qh lt 65 55 fo kWh/m2aannual net
  heat use for space heating per unit net floor
  area of residential building

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NEW (5/2002) REGULATION IN SLOVENIA CALCULATION
METHOD SIST EN 832

• Transmission and ventilation heat losses
  criteria 2, 3
• Solar gains internal heat sources gt useful
  gains
• Qh net heat use for space heating criteron 1

CPD (89/106/EEC) ID6 Energy Economy and Heat
Retention level 423 future level 5 Directive
on energy performance of buildings (2002/91/EC)
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NEW REGULATION ON THERMAL INSULATION AND EE IN
BUILDINGS (SINCE MAY 2002)

• 1st criterion - net heat use for space heating
  per net floor area
• Qh lt 45 40 fo kWh/m2a
• savings (-30)
• Per year
• 60.000 MWh/a less heat demand
• 12.000 ton/a less CO2 emissions

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ANNUAL HEAT DEMAND
-30
NEW
Figure 3. Requirements concerning maximum heat
demand for space heating per net floor area Qh/Au
according to the new Slovene regulation on
thermal insulation and energy efficiency in
buildings, (May 2002), (comparison upper line -
recent Slovenian regulations. JUS U.J5.600,
middle line - Germany WSVO 95, bottom line
-according to the new regulation in Slovenia)
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MINIMUM REQUIREMENT FOR OVERALL ENVELOPE U VALUE
(W/M2K) - 2nd CRITERION

0.33
0.66
0.92
Ljubljana
Koper
Jesenice
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Economic impact

• JUS.U.J5.600 for outer wall 5cm TI oz. U0.7
  W/m2K
• New regulation U0.42 W/m2K
• difference 0.28 W/m2K compensated 3cm - 4cm TI
• Additional investment 20 do 35 EUR per m2 facade
• For a single family house additional TI cost 200
  to 500 EUR!
• savings 15 kWh/m2a, pay back 3-5 let

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ENERGY LABELLING OF BUILDINGS

• non-obligatory scheme since 2002SAVE 93/76/EEC
  Directive
• pilot project
• market priority
• state subsidies
• obligatory scheme2002/91/EC Directive

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OVERVIEW OF ACTIVITIES TOWARDS IMPROVED EE OF
SLOVENIAN BUILDINGS

• concept of national program of EE rehabilitation
  of existing buildings (identification of energy
  saving potential) 1994-1996
• energy advisory network ENSVET (advisory offices
  in municipality, advice for homeowners) since
  1992
• feasibility study for implementation of EE
  measures in housing - public opinion analysis on
  social acceptability 1995/96
• incentives for EE investments in housing (grant
  subsidies scheme for loft insulation.., solar
  collectors, greenhouses, biomass boilers, ..EE
  windows - low and medium cost investments)
  1996-2002
• development of Quality Mark in Buildings and
  C.E.
• (ZKG - non-obligatory certification scheme
  for
• building products and services, i.e. EE
  windows) since 1997

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• preparation of new regulation for thermal
  insulation and EE in buildings (EN 832)
  2001/2002
• pilot project of energy certification/labelling
  of buildings (1999-2002)
• support to development of energy auditing scheme,
  education of auditors, development of the
  auditing market, subsidies for audited
  buildings, EE in municipalities (since
  1997)link to energy certification of public
  buildings 2002/91/EC Directive
• revolving found for EE investments
• information, awareness workshops, training,
  leaflets for AURE, brochures, exhibitions in
  Building Centre of Slovenia
• international co-operation projects PHARE,
  JOULE-THERMIE, EUREKA, COST, SAVE, FP5, OPET
  Slovenia (since 1998)

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ENERGY CERTIFICATE / LABELLING OF BUILDINGS
UPGRADES NEW EE REGULATION

• according to SAVE Dir. document representing
  building energy indicators (heat demand
  indicators), ranking the building in one of seven
  classes according to the energy demand (A-G)
• Aim informing buyer and/or tenant of a house /
  apartment about the building energy indicators
• connection to state subsidies for restoration of
  buildings

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EVALUATED (SUSTAINABLE) CRITERIA
? measurable technical criteria
? non-measurable technical criteria
? environmental criteria
? efficiency and quality of production processes
? satisfaction of buyers
? fulfilment of the companys business plan
? global impact on the society and environment
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Energy labelling of appliances

• obligatory since Dec. 2001
• promotion, information and awareness raising
  needed

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