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Language and Gender

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Principle Ia. In change from above, women use the incoming prestige form more than men ... Speakers who use the new variant will deny that they do. Language and Gender ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Language and Gender


1
Language and Gender
  • Ling 102
  • March 23rd

2
Language and Gender
  • Principle I. In stable sociolinguistic variables,
    women use the standard more than men
  • (ing) pronunciation

3
Language and Gender
  • Principle Ia. In change from above, women use the
    incoming prestige form more than men

4
Language and Gender
  • Change from above
  • Change from below

5
Language and Gender
  • Change from above
  • Change from below
  • the level of awareness

6
Language and Gender
  • Change from above
  • The speech community is aware of the change in
    progress and the new variant is positively
    evaluated
  • Example innovative constricted r in New York
    (as opposed to the local r-less dialect)

7
Language and Gender
  • Change from below
  • Raising of short (a) in New York
  • New variant recieves negative evaluations
  • Not much style-shifting
  • Speakers who use the new variant will deny that
    they do

8
Language and Gender
  • Principle Ia. In change from above, women use the
    incoming prestige form more than men

9
Language and Gender
  • Swedish example

10
Language and Gender
  • Principle II. In change from below, women use
    more of the the incoming variant than men

11
Language and Gender
  • Raising of the onset of diphthongs in New Zealand
    (merger of bear and beer)

12
Language and Gender
  • Principle I. In stable sociolinguistic variables,
    women use the standard more than men
  • Principle Ia. In change from above, women use the
    incoming prestige form more than men
  • Principle II. In change from below, women use
    more of the the incoming variant than men

13
Language and Gender
  • Principle I. In stable sociolinguistic variables,
    women use the standard more than men
  • Principle II. In change from below, women use
    more of the the incoming variant than men
  • Paradox women are both more likely to use the
    standard, and also the innovative form.
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