Rwanda Jigsaw: In Review

1
Rwanda JigsawIn Review

• Making sure you know what you need to know

2
Group 1The Hutus and the Tutsis

• Pre-Colonization united and well-run
• Belgians Divide into 3 groups Hutu, Tutsi, Twa
• Tutsi Superior ? more white
• Hutu 85 of pop., but
• No higher education
• No land ownership
• No govt positions

3
The Hutus and the Tutsis

• Independence 1959
• Hutu reverse racial classification
• Trained militias
• Armed civilians
• Death lists
• Radio hate messages
• Genocide May June 1994 ? 1,000,000 killed and
  250,000 raped in 100 days

4
Group 2 Valentinas Story

• Brutal Genocide very personal
• Neighbors kill neighbors, friends kill friends,
  classmates kill classmates
• Didnt use guns to kill ? close combat
• Used machetes and garden tools
• Slammed babies heads together
• Targeted the youth

5
Valentinas Story

• Survivors ongoing struggle with physical and
  emotional toll
• Hutu involved ? fled to neighboring countries
• Many still not prosecuted for their crimes

6
Group 3 The International Communitys Response

• Warnings 3 months prior from an actual planner
  ? asked for troops
• Signs
• Trained militia in open
• Distributed weapons in open
• Hate propaganda
• Death Lists
• Nothing Was Done!!!

7
The International Communitys Response

• Post WWII, the label Genocide forces
  International action never called it a genocide
• Genocide is the deliberate and systematic
  destruction, in whole or in part, of an ethnic,
  racial, religious, or national group.
• The UN Security Council denied troops
• U.S. and Belgium pull all but 400
• Could have been stopped easily
• Clinton and Annan ? Worlds Tragedy

8
Group 4 Post-Genocide Rwanda

• 1994 ? Genocide Over
• No govt, no schools, no food programs, no
  factories
• Survivors scattered ? lost family, parentless,
  homeless, no land
• Many fled to refugee camps in other countries
• Camps housed victims and killers alike
• Physical disabilities, HIV from rape, emotional
  toll on everyone

9
Post-Rwanda Genocide

• July 1994 ? Rebuild
• Education, health systems, economy
• Justice Efforts ? thousands jailed still
  100,000 awaiting trial
• UN International Criminal Tribunal of Rwanda
• Tried in Tanzania for worst crimes
• Local Gacaca Trials
• Fast and speed up the process

10

• First they came for the Jews
• and I did not speak out because I was not a Jew.
• Then they came for the Communists
• and I did not speak out because I was not a
  Communist.
• Then they came for the trade unionists
• and I did not speak out because I was not a trade
  unionist.
• Then they came for me
• and there was no one left to speak out for me.
• -Pastor Martin Niemöller, 1945