Clinical Summary Parasomnias Sleep beyond apnea

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Clinical SummaryParasomnias- Sleep beyond apnea
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• Parasomnias are disorders that intrude into the
  sleep process and are not primarily disorders of
  sleep and wake state and may be undesirable motor
  or verbal phenomena
• Parasomnias are classified as
• 1) Disorders of Arousal (Confusional Arousals,
  Sleepwalking, Sleep Terrors)
• 2) Associated with REM Sleep (REM Sleep Behavior
  Disorder, Recurrent Isolated Sleep Paralysis,
  Nightmares)
• 3) Other (Sleep Related Eating Disorder)
• Evaluation of parasomnias should include
  description of the episodes as well as
  exploration of factors that may affect the
  episodes including medications and drugs
• Treatment focuses on avoiding precipitating
  factors and safety. Most do not require
  medication though benzodiazepines (Clonazepam
  0.25.-0.5mg QHS) are effective

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• References
• American Academy of Sleep Medicine. International
  Classification of Sleep Disorders, 2nd ed.
  Diagnostic and coding manual. Westchester, IL
  American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2005
• Broughton RJ. Parasominas. In Kryger MH, Roth T,
  Dement WC, eds. Principles and Practice of Sleep
  Medicine. Philadelphia, PA WB Saunders
  2000693-706.
• Giglio P, Undevia N, Spire JP. The Primary
  Parasomnias A Review for Neurologists. The
  Neurologist. 2005 1190-97.