PHYSICIAN WORKFORCE PARTTIME EMPLOYMENT

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PHYSICIAN WORKFORCEPART-TIME EMPLOYMENT

• American Academy of Pediatrics
• Division of Graduate Medical Education
  Pediatric Workforce
• June 2002

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Table 1. Physician Pipeline by Gender
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Figure 1. of Residency Programs with
Part-time/Shared Positions (by specialty)
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Comparisons of Pediatric Data, 1993-2000

• of pediatricians who are female increased from
  36 in 1993 to 45 in 2000.
• of female pediatricians working part-time grew
  from 24 in 1993 to 28 in 2000.
• of male pediatricians working part-time
  remained stable at 4 from 1993 to 2000.
• of all pediatricians working part-time
  increased from 11 in 1993 to 15 in 2000.

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Opportunities

• Career Satisfaction
• Ability to Better Balance Career and Family
  (children and parents)
• Flexibility to Pursue Other Interests

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Issues Barriers

• From Pediatricians Working Part Time Past,
  Present and Future
• Loss of Income
• Loan Repayment
• Reduction in Benefits (including inconsistent
  policies)
• May Limit Future Professional Success
• Negative Influence on Practice Stability

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Issues Barriers

• From Pediatricians Working Part Time Past,
  Present and Future
• Service Obligations
• Not Many Part-Time Positions Available
• Personally Miss Working Full-Time
• Negative Reaction from Co-Workers (second class
  citizen treatment)

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Figure 5. Barriers to Seeking Part-Time or
Reduced-Hours Employment


Note Residents could mark more than one
category.
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Figure 6. Barriers to Seeking Part-Time or
Reduced-Hours Employment (Cont.)


Note Residents could mark more than one
category.
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Issues Barriers

• Tenure Policies Are Inflexible
• Malpractice Premiums May Not Be Lower
• Inadequate Time for Research
• Difficulty in Obtaining Research Funding
• Limitations on Work-Related Travel (e.g. CME
  courses)

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Issues Barriers

• Difficulty in Attending Meetings
• Less Administrative Support
• Less Clout

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Top 3 Take Away Conclusions

• There will be an increasing number of women
  entering the physician workforce.
• Data support that an increasing of the
  physician workforce will seek part-time
  employment.
• Physician workforce studies and policy will need
  to address the implications of part-time
  employment on supply projections, geographic
  distribution, patient access, etc..

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Next . . .

• Existing studies indicate that part-time
  employment provides career satisfaction without
  impairing patient satisfaction, but more outcomes
  studies should be conducted.
• Employers (from group practices to academic
  institutions) need to get information and data
  about the attributes of part-time employment, job
  sharing, and other alternative practice options.

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• Physicians, including resident physicians, need
  more resources (e.g. on-line information) and
  mentors to help them address the complex issues
  of part-time employment.
• Need to accelerate the use of technology to
  overcome some of the barriers (e.g. more on-line
  CME course offerings and virtual meetings).

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• Physician organizations need to tackle the thorny
  issues of tenure tracks and research funding for
  those who wish to work part-time.
• What are the membership and member participation
  implications of a growing part-time workforce for
  physician associations?
• What modifications could/should be made to
  accommodate and encourage their involvement?

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SOURCES

• Table 1
• JAMA Medical Education Issue, September 5, 2001.
• Physician Characteristics and Distribution in the
  US, 2002-2003 Edition
• Figure 1
• AMA GMED Companion, 2002-2003.
• Figures 2, 3 4
• AMA Patient Care Physician Survey, 2001.
• Figures 5 6
• Cull WL, Mulvey HJ, OConnor KG, Sowell DR,
  Berkowitz CD, Britton CV. Pediatricians Working
  Part-Time Past Present, and Future, Pediatrics.
  June 2002.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

• American Academy of Pediatrics,
• Division of Health Policy Research
• American Medical Association,
• Women and Minority Services

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• AAP Division of Graduate Medical Education
• Pediatric Workforce
• For further information, please visit
• the Divisions Web page at
• http//www.aap.org/profed/gmepw
• and
• http//www.aap.org/womenpeds
• also visit
• AMA Women Physicians Congress Web Site at
• http//www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/category/18.html

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AAP Division of Graduate Medical Education
Pediatric Workforce

• Holly J. Mulvey, MA, Director
• hmulvey_at_aap.org
• Ethan A. B. Jewett, MA, Health Policy Analyst
• ejewett_at_aap.org
• American Medical Association
• Women Minority Services
• Phyllis Kopriva, Director
• phyllis_kopriva_at_ama-assn.org