Addressing Antimicrobial Resistance: Role of Basic Research

1
Addressing Antimicrobial Resistance Role of
Basic Research

• N. Kent Peters, Ph.D.
• Program Director for Antibacterial Resistance
• NIAID, NIH

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Types of Activities

• Basic research grants
• R01, R21, R15, R03, SBIR/STTR
• Clinical trials (R34/U01)
• Contracts

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NIAID Research Funds in Antimicrobial Resistance
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Antimicrobial Research at NIH

• Basic Research
• Microbial pathogenesis
• Mechanisms of resistance
• New chemistry and biochemistry
• Genetics and genomics
• Immunology and host response

• Intended Outcomes
• Drug and novel therapies
• Vaccines and preventive strategies
• Diagnosis and rapid detection

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Summary of a Representative Program Portfolio
Antibacterial Resistance

• Approximately 120 awards total
• Antibacterial resistance (42 awards)
• Drug development (35 awards)
• Staphylococcus and Enterococcus biology and
  virulence (46 awards)
• Host response (7 awards)
• Vaccines (1 award)
• Clinical research and epidemiology (4 awards)

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Basic to translational research

• RFA 06-036 Partnerships to Improve Diagnosis and
  Treatment of Selected Drug-Resistant
  Healthcare-Associated Infections (U01)
• Clostridium difficile, Pseudomonas,
  Acinetobacter, Enterobacter, Klebsiella,
  Serratia, Proteus, and Stenotrophomonas
  maltophilia

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Support of Basic Research through Contracts

• NARSA-Network for Antibiotic Resistant
  Staphylococcus aureus
• Provides a repository for key strains for AR
  research
• Annual meetings for NIH supported researchers in
  field
• Drug screening against NIH priority pathogens and
  non-priority pathogens
• In vitro screening
• Developing animal models

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Therapeutics Development Program
Drug
Fundamental Science
IND Enabling Studies
Selection
Characterization
Clinical
Screening (HTS)
Clinical Microbiology
PK/PD (Dose Selection)
Formulations
Concept Validation
Clinical Trials
Lead Optimization Chemistry
Animal Efficacy and Toxicity
Target Identification/ Validation
Metabolism Toxicology Studies
Assay Development
In vivo assays counter-screens
GMP