PUBLIC LANDS

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PUBLIC LANDS
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Land Use in the World
Fig. 23.2, p. 586
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Land Use in the United States
Fig. 23.3, p. 586
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Types of US Public Lands

• Multiple-use lands National Forests National
  Resource Lands

• Moderately-restricted use lands National
  Wildlife Refuges

• Restricted-use lands National Park System
  National Wilderness Preservation System

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The DOI and the Department of Agriculture manage
697 million acres of surface land including ?
261.9 million acres managed by the Bureau of Land
Management ? 96 million acres managed by the Fish
and Wildlife Service ? 84.4 million acres managed
by the National Park Service ? 193 million acres
managed by the US Forest Service 5
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US Public Lands
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(millions)
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WILDERNESS AREAS
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The Wilderness Act of 1964

• DEFINITION OF WILDERNESS(c) A wilderness,
• in contrast with those areas where man
• and his own works dominate the
• landscape, is hereby recognized as an
• area where the earth and its community of life
• are untrammeled by man, where man
• himself is a visitor who does not remain.

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NATIONAL FORESTS
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Managing and Sustaining Forests
Economic Importance of Forests

• Fuelwood (50 of global forest use)

• Industrial timber and lumber

• Pulp and paper

• Medicines

• Mineral extraction and recreation

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Fig. 23.6, p. 592
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Types of Forests

• Old-growth (frontier) forests

• Second-growth forests

• Tree farms/plantation

Fig. 23.13b, p. 600
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Management Strategies
Fig. 23.7, p. 593
Fig. 23.9, p. 594
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Logging Roads

• Increased erosion and runoff

• Habitat fragmentation

• Pathways for exotic species

• Accessibility to humans

Fig. 23.10, p. 595
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Harvesting Trees
Fig. 23.11, p. 596

• Selective cutting

• High-grading

Cut 2
Cut 1
Selective Cutting
Shelterwood Cutting

• Shelterwood cutting

• Seed-tree cutting

Seed-Tee Cutting
Clear-Cutting

• Clearcutting

• Strip cutting

Uncut
Cut
Cut
Cut
Uncut
1 year ago
35 years ago
610 years ago
Strip Cutting
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Pathogens
Fungal Diseases

• Chestnut blight

• Dutch elm disease

Insect Pests

• Bark beetles

• Gypsy moth

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Forest Resources and Management in the United
States

• Habitat from threatened and endangered species

• Water purification services

• Recreation

• 3 of timber harvest

• Sustainable yield and multiple use

• Substitues for tree products

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Reducing Tropical Deforestation

• Identification of critical ecosystems

• Reducing poverty and population growth

• Sustainable tropical agriculture

• Encourage protection of large tracts

• Debt-for-nature swaps

• Less destructive harvesting methods

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The Fuelwood Crisis

• Planting fast-growing fuelwood plants

• Burning wood more efficiently

• Switching to other fuels

Fig. 23.21, p. 611
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NATIONAL PARKS
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National Park Website

• http//www.us-national-parks.net/

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Managing and Sustaining National Parks

• Most parks are too small to maintain biodiversity

• Invasion by exotic species

• Popularity a major problem

• Traffic jams and air pollution

• Visitor impact (noise)

• Natural regulation

• Better pay for park staff

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Managing and Sustaining National Parks

• Most parks are too small to maintain biodiversity

• Invasion by exotic species

• Popularity a major problem

• Traffic jams and air pollution

• Visitor impact (noise)

• Natural regulation

• Better pay for park staff

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YELLOWSTONE
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NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE
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Establishing, Designing, and Managing Nature
Reserves

• Include some moderate disturbance

• Sustain natural ecological processes

• Protect most important areas

• Buffer zones

• Gap analysis

See Solutions p. 620

• Wilderness areas

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BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT
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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE AND DEPT OF ENERGY LANDS
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