DNA, Chromosomes - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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DNA, Chromosomes

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we can see them because they have been made to fluoresce. ... are some human chromosomes inside a cell, which have also been made to fluoresce ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: DNA, Chromosomes


1
DNA, Chromosomes Genes
2
Learning Objectives
  • To understand that cells are the basic building
    blocks for all living things
  • To be able to relate the structure of DNA to
    genes and chromosomes

3
Like bricks are the basic building blocks for
houses,
  • cells are the basic building block for us!

4
Here is an image of cells taken using a light
microscope
5
Now lets have a look at another cell taken using
a much stronger microscope
This is a cell from the human intestines
6
Inside our cells is a nucleus
7
This darker area is the nucleus
8
Like a recipe that gives the instructions to make
a cake,
the nucleus gives the cell the instructions to
make the things it needs!
9
It is our DNA stored in the nucleus that gives
these instructions
This is what our DNA looks like
10
Our DNA is very long
?
11
It is stored in chromosomes
12
Here is a picture of a pair of pig chromosomes,
we can see them because they have been made to
fluoresce.
13
This is a picture of a male pigs full set of
chromosomes
  • Pigs have 19 chromosome pairs in total

14
Here are some human chromosomes inside a cell,
which have also been made to fluoresce
Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes in total
15
  • Different bits of the chromosomes do different
    things.

l

These different bits are called genes.
16
We have 2 copies of every gene,
we get one copy from our dad and the other from
our mum.
17
Different genes tell us different things,
like what colour hair to have, what colour eyes
to have whether to be left or right handed.
18
Genes are very particular,
like phone numbers - if you get a number wrong
they wont work!
19
errors
Fill in the blanks using the words at the bottom
  • ______ are the basic building blocks for life.
  • Inside each ______ is one ______ .
  • Our ______ is stored in the nucleus.
  • Our DNA is very ______ so it is stored in ______.
  • Different bits of chromosomes are called
    ______.
  • Different genes tell our bodies ______ things .
  • We have ______ copies of every gene.
  • ______ in our genes cause problems.

DNA
nucleus
cells
chromosomes
genes
cell
long
different
two
20
Traffic light
  • I understand that cells are the basic building
    blocks for all living things
  • I can relate DNA to genes and chromosomes
  • Are you red, amber or green?

21
Slide show produced by Chloe Williams.
Image Credits Cell and chromosome images kindly
provided by Dr. Mar Carmena, Dr. Jim Selfridge
and Dr. Heather McQueen from the University of
Edinburgh
Kindly funded by
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