GIS Analysis Examples

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Demonstrating and Interpreting GIS Analysis
Output
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• Dallas County
• classic choropleth map
• choice of coloring is effective
• communicate classification levels without any
  need to refer to the legend

Thematic Mapschoropleth examples
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Wholeness Index J. McDonald Williams Institute
creating a spatial index
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• Black and Hispanic Population by County
• classic choropleth map
• kept as simple as possible note the absence of
  county boundaries even tho data is county
• choice of coloring is effective
• communicate classification levels without any
  need to refer to the legend
• use of one vividly contrasting color to emphasize
  highest value

Thematic Mapschoropleth examples
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MAUP--Modifiable Arial Unit Problem Results/interp
retation a function of geographic units chosen
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Normalizing for the Magnitude of the Geographic
Units Geographic area made proportional to
population
The Classic Election Night Map A polarized
nation or 49.88 v 50.11
Incorporating Values on the Variable
Mapped Coloring proportional to vote
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• Puerto Rico Loans
• example of a bi-variate choropleth map
• maps both loans and income simultaeously
• clearly identifies areas requiring focus
• pink low income areas with low loan rate
• potential problems with regulators
• light blue high income with low loans
• potential business opportunities

Thematic Mapschoropleth examples
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Thematic Mapssymbol examples

• Columbia, S.C.
• choropleth map (land use) with symbol overlay
  (racial composition)
• segregation pattern very clearly evident

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Thematic Mapssymbol examples
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• Shipwreck Data Base
• images, data table and map, all in one
• but does it show what its supposed to show?

Topographic Maps
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• Texas Topographic Map (ESRI, 94, p. 10)
• Texas Land Office
• 1250,000 scale USGS DEM data
• read into ARC/Info GRID
• converted to polygon overlay to add colors
• county boundaries and hydrography added from
  12,000.000 USGS DLG
• is choice of coloring the best?

Topographic Maps
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Area 34,640 sq.ft Vol 715,423 cu. ft
Area 38,630 sq.ft Vol 968,641 cu. ft
Analysis Measurement
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• 1500 buffer round churches, schools
• ordinance doesnt allow commercial zones
• polygon overlay of the buffer on commercial land
  allows calculation of magnitude of non-compliance
• Subtracting area within buffer shows amount of
  land available for commercial use

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• 3 minute response time (supposedly)
• circular buffer around point
• dangerous doesnt use network

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What GIS operation was used?

• Buffering with distance based on traffic counts

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• FIRM map for Jefferson County, Kentucky (90, p.
  66)
• Flood Insurance Rate Map
• links topographic/hydrographic data to
  landownership/parcel data

Polygon overlay identify properties in
floodplain
Potential GIS analysis operation?
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Creation of contours from point data
What GIS operation was used?
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• Rasterization and Smoothing
• Methodology
• population data by tract (polygon)
• create set of small rasters (1200x1200ft?)
• count of rasters per tract (polygon)
• divide tract population by of rasters
• assign this value to each raster in tract
• i.e. population is distributed evenly over tract
• for every raster on map
• create 5 mile buffer
• sum population within buffer
• calculate z scores (subtract mean, divide by
  SD)
• draw choropleth map

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• Groundwater flow
• transmissivity grid (rate water is absorbed)
  (top)
• blue slow,
• red fast
• results after model iteration
• yellow high table,
• red low table

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• Texas General Land Office
• oil spill trajectory model
• model predicts slick trajectory based on spill
  location/volume and winds, tides, currents
• GIS used for rapid display

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• modelling the spread of air pollution

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Sam Limerick UTD GIS Masters Project
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