Maps and their Uses

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Maps and their Uses

• Exploring Past Localities

11/02/2008
Richard Haddlesey
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Lecture plan

• Why use maps? What are their uses?
• Purpose of Maps
• Important periods when town plans were produced
• Uses and Caveats
• Types of Maps

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Why use Maps and Plans?

• Get basic idea of where a place is!
• A series of maps can show change
• Walls added or demolished
• Street numbering?
• Subtle changes (e.g. pub names, use)
• Clustering (building types, dates, ownership
  etc)
• Uses (barn conversion, house/shop)
• Caveats
• Accuracy decreases the further back in time the
  map was produced
• May represent original ideas rather than finished
  buildings
• Must remember original use of specific map or
  plan

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Early Hampshire and Winchester maps (late 16th/
early 17thCs)

• Saxton, Norton, Drayton, Ogilby
• John Speeds Map of 1616
• William Godsons Map of 1750
• Coles Map of 1805
• Gales Map of 1836

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Types of maps

• Terriers
• Thematic Maps
• Invented Maps
• Leasehold Maps
• Sales Particulars
• Architects/Building Control Plans (planning
  permission)
• Deposited Plans of railways (not illustrated)
• Digital Mapping (GIS, GPS, LiDAR)
• Environment Agency / Utilities

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Purpose of mapscontextGeoffrey of
Monmouthc.1400
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Early Hampshire MapChristopher Saxton
(1543-c.1610)
1575
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John Norden (born c.1540)
1607
1595
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John Speed

• Possibly most famous of all English map-makers.
• Author of most important, and prestigious atlas
  of his day
• Best known for the Theatre of the Empire of Great
  Britaine
• Also produced the first map of Winchester
  (although not to scale)

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John Speed (1552-1629)
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Speeds Winchester, c. 1611
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Michael Drayton, 1613
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John Ogilby 1675
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Kitchen 1751
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Pre-Ordnance Survey maps

• Many other early maps of Hampshire
• Michael Drayton, 1613
• Blaeu 1645
• Jansson 1646
• Blome 1673
• Ogilby 1675
• Morden 1695
• Kitchin 1751
• Harrison 1788

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Uses and Caveats

• Street plan
• Siting of town walls
• Town gates
• Siting of then extant churches buildings
• Extent of suburban development
• MAP REGRESSION

• Certain features may be exaggerated
• Amount of open space often reduced to make way
  for enlarged depiction of buildings
• No. of houses lining streets rarely accurate
• DONT expect to be able to locate your property
  on Speeds map of Winchester!
• Sometimes inaccurate depiction of buildings
  spelling of street names

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Godsons Map of Winchester, 1750
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Eastgate HouseWinchesterc.1748
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Milne 1791
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Coles Map of Winchester,1805
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OS map 1810
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Greenwood 1826
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Medecroft
1846
1948
1949
1943
1949
1949
1943
1949
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A Winchester Terrier
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Thematic Maps
http//landuse.edina.ac.uk/
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Using map layers
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(No Transcript)
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aiding landscape perceptions
(Chapman, 2006)
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1872-4 OS Map
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1910
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• The Hampshire Record Office holds reproductions
  of the first edition 1 inch OS maps for Hampshire
  (1810-17) in The Old Series Ordnance Survey Maps
  of England and Wales vol. III South Central
  England (Harry Margary, 1981)
• It also holds maps at the large scale of 50
  inches to the mile, including a full set of
  Winchester, c1870

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• Keenes Medieval Work
• Regression

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• Leasehold
• Property
• Map

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• Sales
• Particulars
• Map

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Other useful maps/ plans are listed at

• http//www.hants.gov.uk/record-office/maps/buildin
  g.html

East elevation of the Corn Exchange, Winchester,
drawn by Owen B Carter, 1836 W/J2/12
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Some Winchester work to look at

• All doctoral theses
• Winchester houses and people c.1650-c.1710 a
  study based on probate inventory evidence by
  Michael May (1998)
• A railway revolution? a census-based analysis
  of the economic, social and topographical effects
  of the coming of the railway upon the city of
  Winchester c.1830-c.1890 by Mark Allen (1999)
• An urban study of central Winchester applying GIS
  methodology to twentieth century directory and
  complementary sources by Craig Pinhorne (2001)
• Aspects of the development of Winchester's High
  Street 1550-2000, with special reference to the
  period since 1750, by Justine Cooper (2001)

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A task

• Look at the maps Ive brought in
• I want you to do some map regression on the site
  of the WORKHOUSE
• What was there originally?
• When did the workhouse first appear?
• What changes over time?
• What do the maps tell us before we start looking
  at documentary sources?

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Useful websites

• http//edina.ac.uk/maps/ (Largest collection of
  geo-referenced maps (via HE subscription))
• http//website.lineone.net/hantshistory/maps.html
  
• (Hampshire Family History Maps)
• http//www.geog.port.ac.uk/webmap/hantsmap/hantsma
  p/hantsmap.htm
• (Old Hampshire Mapped)
• www.old-maps.co.uk
• (1872-4 OS Map of Winchester search follow
  the links)