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Inorganic Nomenclature

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Neutral compounds which are formed when anions and cations come together in ... Copper(II) = cupric = Cu 2. Iron(II) = ferrous = Fe 2. Iron(III) = ferric Fe 3 ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Inorganic Nomenclature


1
Inorganic Nomenclature
2
Ions
  • atoms or groups of atoms that have gained or lost
    electrons.
  • cation -- positive ion
  • anion -- negative ion

3
Ionic Compounds
  • Neutral compounds which are formed when anions
    and cations come together in ratios that balance
    the positive and negative charges. (Form formula
    units)

4
Formula Unit
  • The smallest representative unit of an ionic
    compound.

5
Common monatomic ions
  • H
  • Li Be2 N-3 O-2 F-
  • Na Mg2 Al3 P-3 S-2 Cl-
  • K Ca2 Zn2 As-3 Se-2 Br-
  • Rb Sr2 Ag Cd2 Te-2 I-
  • Cs Ra2

6
Cation names element name
  • Na sodium ion
  • Ca2 calcium ion
  • Co3 cobalt(III) ion
  • Co2 cobalt(II) ion
  • for transition metals or other metals with
    variable oxidation states use roman numerals to
    designate charge.

7
Latin names for cations
  • Copper(I) cuprous Cu
  • Copper(II) cupric Cu2
  • Iron(II) ferrous Fe2
  • Iron(III) ferric Fe3
  • Tin(II) stannous Sn2
  • Tin(IV) stannic Sn4

8
Anion names elementide ion
  • N3- nitrogen ? nitride ion
  • O2- oxygen ? oxide ion
  • S2- sulfur ? sulfide ion
  • Cl- chlorine ? chloride ion

9
Compound formation
  • Ions will combine in such a way as to neutralize
    charges

10
  • calcium bromine
  • ? Ca2 Br-
  • ? CaBr2
  • calcium bromide

11
  • silver oxygen
  • ? Ag O-2
  • ? Ag2O
  • silver oxide

12
  • potassium chlorine
  • ? K Cl-
  • ? KCl
  • potassium chloride

13
  • aluminum oxygen
  • ? Al3 O-2
  • ? Al2O3
  • aluminum oxide

14
Name to Formula
  • Chromium(II)chloride
  • Cadmium nitride
  • Potassium bromide
  • Cuprous sulfide
  • Silver oxide
  • CrCl2
  • Cd3N2
  • KBr
  • Cu2S
  • Ag2O

15
Formula to Name
  • Na3N
  • FeCl3
  • Ca3P2
  • CdO
  • LiI
  • sodium nitride
  • iron(III) chloride
  • calcium phosphide
  • cadmium oxide
  • lithium iodide

16
Binary covalent compounds
  • mono 1 hexa 6
  • di 2 hepta 7
  • tri 3 octa 8
  • tetra 4 nona 9
  • penta 5 deca 10

17
  • carbon dioxide
  • carbon monoxide
  • nitrogen monoxide
  • sulfur dioxide
  • phosphorous pentachloride
  • tribromine octaoxide
  • dinitrogen oxide
  • diantimony pentasulfide
  • CO2
  • CO
  • NO
  • SO2
  • PCl5
  • Br3O8
  • N2O
  • Sb2S5

18
Ternary ate anions
  • Ions inside Mississippi
  • contain 4 oxygen atoms.
  • Ions outside Mississippi
  • contain 3 oxygen atoms
  • look at charge trends

19
Formula to name
  • Ca(ClO3)2
  • Na2SO4
  • Mg3(PO4)2
  • Al(BrO3)3
  • calcium chlorate
  • sodium sulfate
  • magnesium phosphate
  • aluminum bromate

20
Name to formula
  • lithium selenate
  • potassium iodate
  • aluminum carbonate
  • calcium borate
  • cuprous sulfate
  • Li2SeO4
  • KIO3
  • Al2(CO3)3
  • Ca3(BO3)2
  • Cu2SO4

21
Ternary ite ions
  • Ite ions ate ions less 1 oxygen
  • all else remains the same

22
Hypo--ites and per--ates
  • Hypo -- ite ite - 1 oxygen
  • Per -- ate ate 1 oxygen
  • perchlorate ClO4-1
  • chlorate ClO3-1
  • chlorite ClO2-1
  • hypochlorite ClO-1

23
Formula to name
  • K3PO3
  • Mg3(BO3)2
  • Al(ClO2)3
  • Fe(IO3)3
  • potassium phosphite
  • magnesium borate
  • aluminum chlorite
  • ferric iodate
  • or iron(III) iodate

24
Name to formula
  • Strontium sulfite
  • Beryllium carbonate Aluminum oxide
  • Lithium nitrite
  • Chromium(III)sulfate
  • SrSO3
  • BeCO3
  • Al2O3
  • LiNO2
  • Cr2(SO4)3

25
Ions to memorize
  • ammonium NH41
  • acetate C2H3O2-1
  • hydroxide OH-1
  • cyanide CN-1
  • permanganate MnO4-1

26
Formula to name
  • NaBrO
  • Cr(OH)2
  • (NH4)2SO3
  • LiIO4
  • Mg(ClO3)2
  • sodium hypobromite
  • chromium(II) hydroxide
  • ammonium sulfite
  • lithium periodate
  • magnesium chlorate

27
Name to formula
  • Ferric perbromate
  • calcium permanganate
  • ammonium cyanide
  • cobalt(II)hypochlorite
  • Fe(BrO4)3
  • Ca(MnO4)2
  • NH4CN
  • Co(ClO)2

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