Early Education

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Early Education in a Global Community
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Who Are We Talking About?

• 1.5 Million Children Under Age 6 in NYS
• 8.1 of Total Population
• Fairly Stable Number Same Percentage of Boys
  Girls
• 21 Living in Households Below Poverty Level
• 76 in Two Parent Household
• 5 Living with Grandparents
• 56 Live in Families Where Both Parents Work
  Outside Home

Source 2005 American Community Survey, 2007
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Chart 1. ELLs as Share of 2005-06 NYC Student
PopulationSource BESIS (ATS) and Official
Audited October 31st Register (DIIT), 2005-2006.
n141,173
ELLs
General Population
n914,813
There are more than 141,173 current ELLs in New
York City schools, or 13.4 of the total student
population. N1,055,986
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A regional breakdown of predominate languages
among ELLs shows where home languages other than
English are geographically concentrated.Chart
9. Predominate Five Languages Among ELLs in Each
RegionSource BESIS (ATS), 2005-06

• Region 1 Spanish (90.9), Bengali (1.2),
  French (1.0), Albanian (1.0), Niger-Congo
  (0.6)
• Region 2 Spanish (84.7), Albanian
  (2.5), Bengali (2.4), Arabic (1.7), French
  (1.7)
• Region 3 Spanish (36.7), Chinese
  (22.5), Korean (8.4), Bengali (4.3), Haitian
  Creole (4.1)
• Region 4 Spanish (73.6), Chinese (7.9),
  Bengali (4.6), Polish (1.9), Urdu (1.6)
• Region 5 Spanish (79.2), Bengali (6.0),
  Punjabi (3.2), Arabic (1.6), Chinese (1.6)
• Region 6 Spanish (30.9), Haitian Creole
  (27.7), Russian (8.5), Chinese (7.8), Urdu
  (7.1)
• Region 7 Spanish (33.0), Chinese
  (29.8), Russian (9.2), Urdu (6.5), Arabic
  (6.0)
• Region 8 Spanish (73.9), Chinese (8.5),
  Arabic (4.2), Bengali (3.8), Polish (3.1)
• Region 9 Spanish (67.5), Chinese
  (22.4), French (1.7), Bengali (1.4), Arabic
  (1.1)

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What Does The Research Tell Us?

• Excellent Early Starts Are Crucial for Childhood
  Development
• Language (Hart and Risley)
• Social/Emotional Self Regulation/Institute
  of Medicine
• Literacy Shaywitz
• Parental Involvement Henderson and Knapp

• Achievement Gap
• How children read by end of 1st grade
  predicts how they will read at 3rd grade
• If intervention is not provided until age 9
  75 of children will continue to have
  difficulty in high school
• Phonemic Awareness Fluency
  Comprehension
• In Middle School
• Low level motivation to read 100,000/year
• Average levels of motivation 1,000,000/year
• High level of motivation 50,000,000/year

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What Does The Research Tell Us?

• Longitudinal
• Employment
• Juvenile Delinquency
• Cost Effectiveness

• PreKindergarten is Highly Effective
• Able to close the GAP - Rochester
• Statewide 3rd, 4th Grade ELA Tests

• Full Day Kindergarten Impacts
• Academic Skills (Dr. DeSiato)
• Attendance (NIEER)
• Instructional Program (Hough Bryde)
• 646/677 Districts Have Full Day Kindergarten

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What is New York States System of Early
Childhood in NYS

• Very Diverse
• Regulated by Many Agencies
• Diverse Funding
• Private Pay
• Child Care Subsidy
• Federal Program
• Preschool Special Education
• Public Pay

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Child Care Subsidies
What the Data Show
Figure 52. Children Under 6 Years in Subsidized
Child Care by Setting NYS, 2004. (Source
National Center for Children in Poverty, 2007)

• In New York State in 2004, the primary
  setting in which chil- dren birth to 2 years
  received subsidized care was family home
  care (46 percent) 28 percent of children 2
  and under received subsidized care in day
  care cen- ters, 20 percent in relative care,
  and just 6 percent in the childs home
  (Figure 52).
• In New York State in 2004, the primary
  setting in which children 3 to 5 years
  received subsidized care was day care centers
  (53 percent) followed by family home care
  (28 percent), relative care (14 percent), and
  5 percent of children received subsidized
  care within their own home (Figure 52).

Ages 3 To 5 Years
Birth to 2 Years
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What Does an Excellent Early Childhood Program
Look Like?

• Starts at Prekindergarten
• Highly Qualified Teachers
• Curriculum Aligned with Standards
• Curriculum Aligned Vertically/Horizontally
• Consistent Use of Curriculum
• Instructional Materials are High Quality
  and Consistently Used

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What Does an Excellent Early Childhood Program
Look Like?

• Intentional Instruction
• 90 minute reading block
• Supplemental material
• Intervention 30 minutes plus
• Dosage
• Classroom Environment
• Learning Centers Used Well
• Assessments Ongoing Progress Monitoring
• Data Driven
• Family Involvement

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How Does an LEA Create an Infrastructure to
Support Early Childhood?

• Knows the Feeder / Supply System
• Uses Current Research
• Establishes Professional Development
• Uses Excellent Materials
• Integrates Family Partnerships
• Provides Support Services

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Checklist

• Insists on Intentional Instruction
• Is Data Driven
• Pays Attention to Dosage / Implementation
• Uses Excellent Materials
• Sustains Professional Development / Highly
  Qualified Staff
• Builds Administrative Leadership
• Insists on Family Partnerships