Chemistry Quiz

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Chemistry Quiz
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MACROMOLECULES
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MACROMOLECULES

• CARBOHYDRATES
• LIPIDS
• PROTEINS
• NUCLEIC ACIDS

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Carbohydrates

• Monosaccharides
• Simple sugars

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Hexose Sugars
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Monosaccharides can be linked to build larger
sugars.
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Dehydration Synthesis
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Disaccharides
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Hydrolysis
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Polysaccharides(Long-chain glucose molecules)
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Questions
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What type of reaction involves the removal of a
water molecule and the formation of a covalent
bond?
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What type of a reaction involves the addition of
a water molecule and the breaking of a covalent
bond?
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What special type of molecule is necessary to
drive either a dehydration synthesis reaction or
a hydrolysis reaction in a living organism?
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What is a term for sugars with six carbons?
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Name three common hexose sugars.
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What is the empirical formula of the common
hexose sugars?
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Name three common disaccharides.
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Which polysaccharide is found in arthropod
exoskeletons and the cell walls of fungi?
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Which polysaccharide is found in the cell walls
of plants?
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Which polysaccharide is an important form of
energy storage in plants?
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FUNCTIONAL GROUPS

• HYDROGEN
• HYDROXYL (ALCOHOL)
• ACID (CARBOXYL)
• AMINO
• PHOSPHATE
• METHYL

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Lipids

• Fats (Triglycerides)
• Complex Lipids

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Fats
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Saturated Fatty Acid
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Unsaturated Fatty Acid
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Complex Lipids

• Phospholipids
• Steroids

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A fat molecule (triglyceride) is composed of one
molecule of glycerol and three ______ molecules.
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Which would have more hydrogens?

• The saturated form of a fatty acid with a 5
  carbon hydrocarbon chain.
• The unsaturated form of a fatty acid with a 5
  carbon hydrocarbon chain.

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Essay Question

• Why do plants tend to store their energy as
  starch, while animals store energy primarily as
  fat?
• What are the differences between starch and fat
  that cause these energy storage differences?
• What plant structure tends to be an exception (it
  stores fat) and why?

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Proteins
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Polypeptide
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Levels of Protein Structure
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Probably the most important proteins are those
capable of speeding up a chemical reaction.
These special proteins are called what

1. Activators
2. Chemical messengers
3. Enzymes
4. Hormones
5. reactors

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Amino acids are linked by what kind of bonds to
form proteins?

1. Disulfide
2. Hydrogen
3. Ionic
4. Peptide
5. None of the above

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The alpha helix, that was discovered by Linus
Pauling, is the major feature of what level of
protein structure?

• Primary
• Secondary
• Tertiary
• Quaternary