Hawaii Strategic Highway Safety Plan: IMPAIRED DRIVING

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Hawaii Strategic Highway Safety PlanIMPAIRED
DRIVING

• Dan Galanis
• Injury Prevention and Control Program
• Hawaii Department of Health
• 1250 Punchbowl St., Room 214
• Honolulu, HI 96813
• Ph 586-5943
• E-mail daniel.galanis_at_doh.hawaii.gov

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Overview of presentation

• Fatal traffic crashes (FARS data)
• Definitions
• Overall prevalence
• Trends, county comparisons
• Other factors
• Time, day of week, driver age
• Driver profiles
• Non-fatal traffic crashes (MVAR/DOT crash data)
• Definitions
• Overall prevalence
• Trends, county comparisons
• Other factors
• Driver profiles

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Fatal crashes

• Fatal crash/FARS data
• Traffic only, i.e. crashes on public roads
• Excludes crashes in parking lots, driveways,
  military facilities, gated sub-divisions, etc.
• Unintentional in nature
• Excludes suicides (1 crash), deaths of
  undetermined intent (7 crashes, 1 of total)
• Excludes 37 crashes (6) that did not involve a
  Hawaii resident fatality
• Alcohol-related
• BAC gt 0.01 for any driver involved in the fatal
  crash, or refused test
• Most (82) alcohol-related crashes had at least
  one driver 0.08 or more
• Alcohol related intoxicated
• Drug-related
• Positive results for any driver involved in the
  fatal crash
• Positive for narcotic, depressant, stimulant,
  THC, or hallucinogen
• THC (13)
• Stimulants (10)

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Fatal traffic crashes in Hawaii, 2001-2005
Proportion related to substance use by drivers
 
 
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Fatal traffic crashes in Hawaii, 2001-2005
Trends in the proportion of alcohol-related
driving
 
 
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Fatal traffic crashes in Hawaii, 2001-2005
Trends in the proportion of drug-related driving
 
 
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Fatal traffic crashes in Hawaii, 2001-2005
Trends in the proportion of alcohol and/or
drug-related driving
 
 
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Fatal traffic crashes in Hawaii, 2001-2005
Alcohol-related crashes by time of day and day
of week
 
 
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Fatal traffic crashes in Hawaii, 2001-2005
Alcohol and drug use among drivers, by age group
 
 
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Impaired driving in Hawaii, 2001-2005

• Total impact
• 46 residents killed by alcohol-positive drivers
  each year
• 26 residents killed by drug-positive drivers each
  year
• 60 residents killed by alcohol/drug-positive
  drivers each year
• Crashes involving alcohol/drug-positive drivers
  are the 4th leading cause of death for 16 to 40
  year-old residents
• 11 of the total of 1,719
• Cancer is 1st (14), suicide 2nd (13), heart
  disease 3rd (12)
• Crashes involving alcohol/drug-positive drivers
  are the 4th leading cause of fatal injuries for
  all ages
• 10 of the total of 2,915

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Characteristics of drivers involved in fatal
crashes in Hawaii, by category of substance use,
2001-2005
statistically significant difference
between alcohol/drug positive drivers and
substance negative drivers
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Non-fatal crashes

• Motor vehicle accident report (MVAR)
• Criteria
• Any crash resulting in injury, or gt3000
  cumulative property damage
• Traffic only, i.e. crashes on public roads
• Excludes crashes in parking lots, driveways,
  military facilities, gated sub-divisions, etc.
• Includes residents and non-residents, intentional
  and unintentional
• Alcohol-related
• Search of Citation field for DUI, 291-4,
  291-E, 286-242, etc.
• Value for alcohol in Human factors field
• Drug-related
• Search of Citation field for drugs, 291-7,
  2917
• Value for drugs in Human factors field

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Non-fatal traffic crashes in Hawaii, 2001-2005
Proportion related to substance use by drivers,
by county
 
 
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Non-fatal traffic crashes in Hawaii, 2001-2005
Trends in the proportion of alcohol-related
driving
 
 
denotes statistically significant trend
over 5-year period
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Non-fatal traffic crashes in Hawaii, 2001-2005
Rates of alcohol use among drivers, by age
group(Note difference in scale /100,000
licensees for fatal crashes, /10,000 licensees
for non-fatals)
 
 
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Characteristics of drivers involved in non-fatal
crashes in Hawaii, by category of alcohol use,
2001-2005
statistically significant difference
between alcohol/drug positive drivers and
substance negative drivers
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Data summary for impaired driving

• How much?
• 36 fatal crashes alcohol-related, 46
  impaired 6-7 of non-fatal crashes
  alcohol-related/impaired
• Who? Younger drivers (18-24 years)
  Male drivers
  more likely to use alcohol/be impaired
  
• Where? Generally more prevalent in Neighbor
  Island crashes Increasing
  trends for Hawaii and Maui counties
• When? Nighttime crashes (8pm-5am) 52
  Weekend crashes
  (Sat/Sun) 46