Strategic Priorities: Montreal Protocol MP and Persistent Organic Pollutants POPs

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Strategic Priorities Montreal Protocol (MP) and
Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) SL3.6
National/Sector Policy and Planning to Control
Emissions of Ozone Depleting Substances and
POPs. Montreal Protocol Unit/ EEG/BDP
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Montreal Protocol Status

• Recovery of Ozone layer is expected to occur
  (2050) if all Parties comply with the MP and its
  amendments.
• Over 184 countries have ratified the MP and must
  comply with the control measures established.
• Compliance period for developing countries
  started in 1999. All CFCs to be phased out in
  2010.

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Financial Mechanism

• UNDP total US 419 million non-core resources
  from
• Multilateral Fund (MLF) 94.4 (US395.9 M)
• GEF 4.7 (US 19.7 M) for CIS countries only
• 3. Bilateral donors 0.8( US3.53 M)
• MPU HQ staff fully funded by MLF. MPU implements
  GEF projects on cost recovery basis. Country
  Offices are compensated for services.
• UNDP is one of the Implementing Agencies (UNDP,
  UNEP, UNIDO and World Bank) and must follow MLF
  and GEF rules and regulations.

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MPU Activities

• MPU working with 94 countries providing
• Technical assistance and training for the
  industrial conversion (private sector) and for
  use of methyl bromide alternatives to farmers.
• Institutional Strengthening of governmental
  Ozone Units to enable them to comply with MP
  policy advisory services to support programme.
• Consultations/dialogues with national
  stakeholders to insure their participation

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UNDP/MP Portfolio
US419 million in grants approved in 94
countries.
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Ongoing Activities
Aerosol Sector Burundi Foam Sector Burundi,
Benin, D.R. Congo, Libya, Malawi, Nigeria,
Tanzania Recovery Recycling, Monitoring of
RR, Incentive Scheme - Burkina Faso, Burundi,
D.R. Congo, Djibouti, Gabon, Ghana, Niger,
Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Togo. Under Preparation
Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Niger, P.R. Congo, Sao
Tome, Somalia. Multi-Year CFC Phase Out Plan
Nigeria
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Ongoing Activities (Continued)
Methyl Bromide Kenya, Malawi, Ghana, Zimbabwe
(under preparation), Regional (DR Congo, PR
Congo, Nigeria, Swaziland and the Sudan) Halons
- Regional Halon Bank for West and Central Africa
(Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Congo, Congo DR,
and Guinea)
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MP Strategic Priority

• Implementation on target of all Performance-Based
  Multiyear Agreements Currently, countries get
  funds reduced if UNDP assisted country fails to
  meet targets in Agreement with the Executive
  Committee of the MLF.
• Concerns
• 2005 target 50 CFC reduction will not be met by
  countries if projects are delayed expertise
  limited for MP work in many CO may pose
  difficulties to meet MP targets
• Note most National /Sector Plans are NEX and DEX
  modalities

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Persistent Organic Pollutants, POPs

• What are POPs?
• POPs are synthetic chemicals such as
• Pesticides
• Industrial chemicals
• Unwanted industrial by-products that are
  harmful to humans and the environment

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Persistent Organic Pollutants, POPs

• Effects of POPs on Human Health
• Damage to the nervous system,
• Birth defects
• Damage to the immune system
• Disrupt endocrine systems
• Induce reproductive and developmental changes

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Persistent Organic Pollutants, POPs

• Stockholm Convention on POPs
• The Convention represents a global response to
  the issue of POPs
• The goal of the Convention is to protect human
  health and the environment from POPs
• The Convention initially focuses on twelve
  dangerous POPs, often called the Dirty Dozen

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Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)

• The Dirty Dozen
• 1. Aldrin 2. Furans
• 3. Chlordane 4. Heptachlor
• 5. DDT 6. Hexachlorobenzene
• 7. Dieldrin 8. Mirex
• Dioxin 10. Polychlorinated byphenyls (PCBs)
• 11. Endrin 12. Toxaphene

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Persistent Organic Pollutants, POPs

• GEF Strategic Priorities for POPs
• Targeted capacity building
• Preparation of National Implementation Plans
  (NIP), Awareness raising among stakeholders,
  management/ dissemination of information on
  integrated management of POPs, including best
  management practices
• Implementation of Policy/Regulatory Reforms
  Investments (NIP Priorities)
• Demonstration of Innovative and Cost-Effective
  Technologies and Practices
• Non-combustion destruction technologies, PCB
  phase-outs, DDT alternatives, exemption POPs
  alternatives, integrated pest management

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GEFs Initial Assistance Enabling Activities
(EA)

• GEF will initially help countries strengthen
  their capacity to prepare National Implementation
  Plans (NIPs). This activity is known as EA.
• The NIP will help countries identify and
  prioritize capacity building, policy and
  regulatory reforms, and investments needed to
  address the issue of POPs

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Montreal Protocol Unit and its role in POPs
Maximize synergies and gain cost efficiency
MPU large experience in eliminating chemicals
and implementation of MEA. Vast country
coverage and network of experts Access to
high level government officials Works with GEF
and CO
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Montreal Protocol Unit and its role in POPs
UNDP-GEF initial strategic priorities

• 1. UNDP is the GEF Implementing Agency for the
  POPs Enabling Activity/NIP preparation in several
  countries
• UNDP COs sit on Steering Committees in countries
  where MPU is active and which have GEF POPs
  Enabling Activities under other IAs (UNEP, UNIDO,
  WB)
• Note Stockholm Convention Parties- a priority
  due to GEF eligibility.

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Montreal Protocol Unit and its role in POPs
UNDP-GEF initial strategic priorities
Existing and ongoing capacity building support
and backstopping to country offices will be
essential. Partnerships, within UNDP and
outside, will continue to be a critical element
for achieving our goals and demonstrating impact .
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Stockholm Convention Developing Countries

• - Linkage of global POPs to domestic concerns
• Majority of exposure through domestic activities
  of urban and rural poor, not transboundary
• Sought and achieved Convention acknowledgement
  that sustainable development and poverty
  reduction were priorities
• Commitment from developed countries to provide
  new and additional resources to developing
  countries

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POPs UNDP Target Groups

• Vulnerable and marginalized groups, women,
  infants and children, most impacted
• Poor suffer disproportionately from environmental
  decline (land degradation, etc.)
• Urban poor often located near POPs sources
  (hazardous waste, incinerators, landfill,
  industries, etc.)
• Rural poor malaria exposure, agricultural use of
  pesticides

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POPs as part of UNDPs strategy to

• Reduce the vulnerability of the poor to climate
  change and other environmental stresses
• Integrate environment into national planning
  frameworks for poverty reduction
• Promote the poors access to and sustainable
  management of land, water and biological
  resources

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What we need to do

• Take stock where each country is with signing the
  Stockholm Convention and the status of
  ratification
• If no IA is already engaged in Enabling
  Activities then position UNDP as the IA to do so
• Get on the Steering Committees in countries
  where other IAs are doing the Enabling Activities

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