introduction to information systems: whiteley palgrave chapter 12 management information

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 12 management information
management information
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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 12 management information

• data processing and management information

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 12 management information

• Business transaction processing systems
  accumulate vast amounts of data.
• Information systems use that data to produce
  management information for
• Senior managers for strategic management
• Middle Managers for tactical planning and
  control.
• Operational Staff for day to day decision
  making in the production process

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 12 management information

• Decision making levels in
• the management
• hierarchy

Anthonys triangle
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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 12 management information

• Strategic Management
• Responsible for major marketing, organisational
  and investment decisions
• Informed by management information on
• Organisational performance (sales).
• Organisational finance.
• Competitors
• Trends in the economy and society.

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 12 management information

• Tactical Management
• Implementing company policy at departmental level
  and dealing with issues as they arise.
• Informed by management information on
• Departmental performance (sales).
• Departmental finance.
• Operational metrics.

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 12 management information

• Operational Staff
• The level where the day to day activities of the
  company occur
• Informed by management information on
• Specific cases and events that need attention.

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 12 management information

• Characteristics of Information at Management
  Levels

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 12 management information

• Structured and Unstructured Decisions
• As well as requiring different levels and sources
  of information the nature of decision making is
  different at different levels of management.
• Decisions can be classified as structured or
  unstructured (and many decisions have elements of
  both classifications.

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 12 management information

• Structured Decisions
• Operational level decisions tend to be
  structured
• There are clear rules.
• The information is clear and available.
• The information requires no interpretation.
• Structured decisions are repeatable.

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 12 management information

• Unstructured Decisions
• Strategic level decisions tend to be
  unstructured
• There are no clear or complete rules
• The information is incomplete and uncertain
• The information requires interpretation.
• Unstructured decisions will not be repeatable.

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 12 management information

• Dimensions
• of
• Decision
• Making

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 12 management information

• Management Information Reports
• Management information can be presented on paper
  or screen.
• Types of report are
• Analysis Report
• Exception Report
• Key Target Report
• Ad-hoc Reports
• Data Enquiry
• Graphical Presentation

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 12 management information

• Analysis Report Sales by Region

Sales Analysis by Region 03 Apr 03
(IR01) January February March SE England
97,000 103,000 94,000 SW
England 157,000 169,000 172,000 Central
England 232,000 263,000 187,000 N England
67,000 87,000 91,000 Scotland
63,000 72,000 84,000 Wales 23,000
24,000 23,000 Total 639,000 718,000 651,000
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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 12 management information

• Analysis Report Sales by Product Category

Sales Analysis by Product Category 03 Apr
03 SE England (IR02)   January Februa
ry March   Fresh Meat 24,000 23,000
9,000   Fruit Veg 15,000 17,000
16,000   Frozen Goods 8,000 10,000
12,000   Dry Goods 31,000 33,000
35,000   Other Goods 19,000 20,000
22,000   Total 97,000 103,000 94,000
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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 12 management information

• Exception Report Unpaid Invoices

Unpaid Invoice Report 03 Apr 03 (Invoices
unpaid after 60 days) (IR03)   Customer 1649
23 Mikes Meat Ltd Rem. Part Inv No.
Date Total No Paid 6023465 15.10.02
7,026.00 4 Y 6133492 16.11.02
13,974.00 3 N 6246555 14.12.02
18,127.00 2 N 6319845 15.01.03
11,849.00 1 N   Customer 170029 Freds
Fish Rem. Part Inv No. Date
Total No Paid 6137426 19.12.02 7,623.00
2 N
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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 12 management information

• Key Target Report

Key Target Report March 2003 03 Apr 03 SW
Warehouse (IR04)   Target Actual  
Stock Turn 12.00 10.31   Stock
Availability 98.00 99.25   Orders proc day
1 98.00 83.96   Backorder Time 2
days 3 days   Write-offs 2.00 3.46
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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 12 management information

• Ad-Hoc Reports
• Once-off reports produced for unanticipated
  requirements.
• Use fourth generation language / report
  generator.
• Data Enquiries
• Facility to look up standing data and
  transaction.
• e.g. Enquire on Order by order-no key

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 12 management information

• Graphical Presentation

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introduction to information systems whiteley /
palgrave chapter 12 management information

• MIS, EIS, DSS and Data Mining
• Specialist management reporting system
• Management information system (MIS)
• Executive information system (EIS)
• Decision support system (DSS)
• Data Warehouse (for Data Mining)