Lecture 2' Early Freud

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Resources

• Lecture slides, study guides and the syllabus are
  available on the Internet at
  http//psych.umb.edu/faculty/conrad/conrad.htm

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Observation and Inference Early Freudian Theory

• when Anna O. recalled traumatic events under
  hypnosis and EXPERIENCED THE EMOTION, her
  symptoms disappeared

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THEORY

• bodily symptoms can exist without organic disease
• a single energy source is convertible from
  physical to psychological and vice versa
• existence of unconscious mental contents
• psychic determinism

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Post-Breuer Revisions

• Our science involves a number of hypotheses
  which are bound to seem very strange

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METHOD

• hypnosis gives way to
  FREE ASSOCIATION

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FREE ASSOCIATION
REPRESSION

• Resistance

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SEDUCTION HYPOTHESIS

• 17 of 17 patients reported childhood sexual trauma

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MODEL of HYSTERIA 1Trauma Hypothesis

• trauma------gtintense-------gtbodily
  emotions symptoms
• CONVERSION
  

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MODEL of HYSTERIA 2Seduction Hypothesis

• childhood------gtintense-------gtbodily
  trauma emotions
  symptoms
• CONVERSION
  

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one has no right to despair because one has
been deceived in ones expectations one must
revise them----Sigmund Freud
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MODEL of HYSTERIA 3Infantile Sexuality

• WISHES------gtanxiety---------gtbodily
  symptoms
• REPRESSION
  

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Model 3Theoretical Implications

• etiology shifts back chronologically to childhood
• etiology shifts from real events to fantasy
• existence of sexual life in childhood (INFANTILE
  SEXUALITY)

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MODEL of HYSTERIA 3INFANTILE SEXUALITY

• WISHES------gtanxiety---------gtbodily
  symptoms
• REPRESSION
  

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When I later began more and more resolutely to
put forward the significance of sexuality in the
aetiology of neuroses, he Breuer was the first
to show the reaction of distaste and repudiation
which was later to become so familiar to me, but
which at that time I had not yet learnt to
recognize as my inevitable fate---Sigmund Freud
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Freudian classification

• NEUROSES
• hysteria
• generalized anxiety
• phobia
• obsessive-compulsive disorder
• dissociative disorders

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Freuds final theory of neurosis
sexual instinct
somatic need
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Freuds final theory of neurosis
sexual instinct
social, ethical standards
ANXIETY
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Parapraxes Dreams Defenses SYMPTOMS
SEXUAL/AGGRESSIVE WISH
repression
ANXIETY
UNCONSCIOUS
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Defense Mechanisms

• repression
• denial
• reaction-formation
• projection
• rationalization

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Function of Symptoms

• prevent wish from becoming conscious
• prevent wish from being acted on
• provide clues to nature of conflict
• create situation in which wish can come true

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