Fred Harris

1


Fred Harris Vice-President Research,
Architecture and Design
2
Transport


3
SONET Rings
To Vancouver, BC
Via New Westminster
Everett
East Wenatchee
SEATTLE
Spokane
Tacoma
Montreal, QC
Montreal, QC
(UNITEL)
(Stentor)
Helena
Coeur d' Alene
Alburg Springs
Portland
Bismarck
Essex Jct.
Portland
Fargo
Iron Mountain
Ring 43 (2)
Billings
Manchester
Salem
North Chelsford
Framingham
St. Cloud
Boston
Worcester
Ring 41 (4)
Eau Claire
SPRINGFIELD
Mansfield
Eugene
Syracuse
Niagara Falls, ON
Ft. Erie, ON
Appleton
Albany
(UniTel)
(Stentor)
ST. PAUL
Providence
Niagara Falls
Rochester
Bandon Cable Head
Green Hill Cable Head
BUFFALO
Ring 13 (3)
Saginaw
Hartford
New London
New Haven
Binghamton
Bridgeport
Medford
Ring 4 (13)
Owatonna
Stamford
Grand Rapids
Flint
White Plains
Hackensack
Ring 8 (13)
Ring 69 (9)
Milwaukee
Shirley Cable Head
Sioux Falls
Sparta
Ring 113 (4)
Windsor, ON
Scranton
Ring 87 (4)
Franklin
Madison
NEW YORK
Lansing
Pontiac
Erie
Morristown
DETROIT
Newark
Kalazamoo
Edison
Ring 21 (19)
Cleveland
Manasquan
CHICAGO
Trenton
Youngstown
South Bend
Toledo
Cedar Rapids
Dekalb
Manahawkin
Clinton
Sterling
Philadelphia
Harrisburg
Redding
PENNSAUKEN
AKRON
Pittsburgh
Des Moines
Ring 138 (9)
Ring 34 (13)
Sioux City
Mansfield
Tuckerton
Wilmington
Fostoria
Auburn
Hammond
Hagerstown
Pleasant Hill
CHEYENNE
Baltimore
Reno Jct.
Grand Island
Worthington
RELAY
Chico
OMAHA
Columbus
Ring 99 (6)
OROVILLE
Martinsburg
Ring 16 (11)
Reno
Dayton
Peoria
Bloomington
Lafayette
Salt Lake City
WASHINGTON
Point Arena
Chillicothe
Indianapolis
Lincoln
ROACHDALE
Rancho
Cincinnati
Manassas
Sacramento
Walnut Creek
Cordova
Denver
Champaign
Sciotoville
Fredericksburg
Springfield
San Ramon
Charleston
Charlottesville
Terre Haute
Ring 44 (3)
Oakland
STOCKTON
Ashland
Huntington
Richmond
Lynchburg
KANSAS CITY
Ring 71 (9) Ring 122 (4)
San Francisco
Vincennes
Lawrenceville
Modesto
Colorado Springs
Topeka
Burlingame
Lexington
Newport News
Ring 50 (13)
St. Louis
Palo Alto
Louisville
Roanoke
San Jose
Fresno
Evansville
Jefferson City
Salinas
Ring 75 (2) Ring 85 (1)
Warrensburg
Carbondale
Madisonville
Ring 12 (15)
Franklinton
Wichita
Bakersfield
Raleigh
Cable Head
Winston-Salem
Las Vegas
San Luis Opbispo
Ring 124 (1)
Greeneville
Southern Pines
Santa Maria
NASHVILLE
Knoxville
Charlotte
Hamlet
Asheville
Tulsa
Santa Barbara
Cheraw
Ring 48 (3)
Spartanburg
Ventura
Chattanooga
Van Buren
Burbank
Camarillo
Adelanto
Van Nuys
Covina
Okarche
Little Rock
Los Angeles
RIALTO
Huntsville
Columbia
Albuquerque
Oklahoma City
Los Angeles
Memphis
Amarillo
Ring 83 (17)
Palm Springs
Downey
Smyrna
ANAHEIM
ATLANTA
FAIRFAX
FAIRFAX
Santa Ana
Atlanta
Augusta
Mission Viejo
Pine Bluff
Oceanside
Solana Beach
PHOENIX
Charleston
Claremont
Birmingham
Wichita Falls
San Diego
Bowie
Ring 77 (6)
Savannah
Plano
Lubbock
Las Cruces
Montgomery
Longview
Jackson
FT. WORTH
Shreveport
Tucson
Irving
Dallas
Ring 119 (3)
Abilene
Atmore
Jacksonville (WTG)
Nogales, AZ
Madison
El Paso
Ring 26 (4)
Chipley
Tallahassee
Jacksonville
Nogales, MX
Midland
Juarex, MX
Ring 47 (8)
Mobile
Pensacola
Biloxi
Hammond Jct.
Waco
Daytona Beach
Hearne
Houston
Baton Rouge
Bryan
Lafayette
ORLANDO
Orlando
NEW ORLEANS
(2 sites)
Ring 60 (9)
Ring 54 (13)
Austin
Kissimmee
SATSUMA
Tampa
(2 sites)
San Antonio
Fort Meyers
West Palm Beach (2 sites)
Cable Head
Ft. Lauderdale (2 sites)
Miami (2 sites)
Corpus Christi
Mc Allen
Reynosa, MX
4
Desktop-to-Desktop
Sprint Core
Sprint Core
SprintPOI
SprintPOI
High SpeedRing
CommercialBuilding
B-MANCollectorRing
CO
Cellular MTSO
5
Total DWDM Deployment
To Vancouver, BC
Via New Westminster
Blaine
Everett
East Wenatchee
Spokane
SEATTLE
Tacoma
Montreal, QC
Montreal, QC
(UNITEL)
(Stentor)
Helena
Coeur d' Alene
Alburg Springs
Portland
Bismarck
Essex Jct.
Fargo
Portland
Iron Mountain
Billings
Manchester
Salem
North Chelsford
Framingham
Worcester
St. Cloud
Boston
Eau Claire
SPRINGFIELD
Mansfield
Eugene
Syracuse
Niagara Falls, ON
Ft. Erie, ON
Appleton
Albany
(Stentor)
(UniTel)
ST. PAUL
Providence
Niagara Falls
Rochester
Bandon Cable Head
Green Hill Cable Head
BUFFALO
Saginaw
Hartford
New London
New Haven
Binghamton
Bridgeport
Medford
Owatonna
Stamford
Grand Rapids
Flint
White Plains
Hackensack
Milwaukee
Shirley Cable Head
Sioux Falls
Sparta
Windsor, ON
Scranton
Franklin
Lansing
NEW YORK
Madison
Pontiac
Erie
Morristown
DETROIT
Newark
Kalazamoo
Edison
Cleveland
Manasquan
CHICAGO
Trenton
Cedar Rapids
Toledo
Youngstown
South Bend
Manahawkin
Clinton
Sterling
Dekalb
Philadelphia
Harrisburg
Redding
PENNSAUKEN
Des Moines
Sioux City
AKRON
Pittsburgh
Auburn
Mansfield
Tuckerton
Wilmington
Fostoria
Hammond
Hagerstown
Pleasant Hill
CHEYENNE
Baltimore
Reno Jct.
Worthington
Chico
Grand Island
RELAY
OMAHA
Columbus
OROVILLE
Reno
Dayton
Martinsburg
Peoria
Bloomington
Lafayette
Salt Lake City
Point Arena
WASHINGTON
Indianapolis
Chillicothe
Lincoln
ROACHDALE
Rancho
Sacramento
Cincinnati
Manassas
Walnut Creek
Cordova
Denver
Champaign
Sciotoville
Fredericksburg
San Ramon
Springfield
Charleston
Oakland
Charlottesville
Terre Haute
STOCKTON
Ashland
Huntington
Richmond
Lynchburg
KANSAS CITY
San Francisco
Vincennes
Lawrenceville
Modesto
Colorado Springs
Topeka
Lexington
Newport News
Burlingame
St. Louis
Louisville
Palo Alto
Roanoke
San Jose
Fresno
Evansville
Jefferson City
Warrensburg
Salinas
Carbondale
Madisonville
Franklinton
Wichita
Raleigh
Cable Head
Bakersfield
Winston-Salem
Las Vegas
San Luis Opbispo
Greeneville
Southern Pines
Santa Maria
NASHVILLE
Charlotte
Knoxville
Hamlet
Asheville
Tulsa
Santa Barbara
Cheraw
Spartanburg
Ventura
Chattanooga
Van Buren
Burbank
Camarillo
Adelanto
Van Nuys
Covina
Okarche
Little Rock
Los Angeles
RIALTO
Huntsville
Oklahoma City
Columbia
Albuquerque
Los Angeles
Memphis
Amarillo
Palm Springs
Downey
Smyrna
ANAHEIM
ATLANTA
FAIRFAX
FAIRFAX
Santa Ana
Atlanta
Augusta
Mission Viejo
Pine Bluff
Oceanside
Solana Beach
PHOENIX
Charleston
Claremont
Birmingham
Wichita Falls
San Diego
1
Bowie
Savannah
Plano
Lubbock
Las Cruces
Montgomery
FT. WORTH
Longview
Jackson
Shreveport
Tucson
Irving
Dallas
Abilene
Jacksonville (WTG)
Atmore
Nogales, AZ
Madison
El Paso
Midland
Chipley
Tallahassee
Jacksonville
Nogales, MX
Pensacola
Juarex, MX
Mobile
Biloxi
Hammond Jct.
Waco
Daytona Beach
Hearne
Houston
Baton Rouge
Bryan
ORLANDO
Lafayette
NEW ORLEANS
Orlando
(2 sites)
Austin
Kissimmee
16 ?
SATSUMA
Tampa
(2 sites)
San Antonio
Fort Meyers
40 l
West Palm Beach (2 sites)
Cable Head
Ft. Lauderdale (2 sites)
gt 80 l
Miami (2 sites)
Corpus Christi
Mc Allen
Reynosa, MX
6
Optical Networking Architecture
7
Switching
8
Switching Integration
Voice
DMS
Data
FR
TRANSPORT
IP
Internet
SWITCHING
SWITCHING
TRANSPORT
9
Softswitch Environment
SCP
SCP
SCP
SCP
High Speed
HP OC
HP OC
STP
STP
MGC
MGC
MGC
MG
MG
MGC
MGC
MG
MG
MG
F-Links from MGC to HP OC A-Links from MGC to
STP A-Links from STP to HP OC
10
Commercial ATM Deployment
2
Seattle
Redmond
3
10
Tacoma
Rochester, NY
Buffalo, NY
Springfield
Woburn, MA
14
10
8
Walpole, MA
10
St Paul
2
Wallingford, CT
Detroit
1
10
Manhattan, NY
Lansing
24
Westbury, NY
Pennsauken, PA
Cheyenne
Summerset, NJ
Teterboro, NJ
Chicago
4
6
Philadelphia, PA
1
14
Pennsauken
20
Omaha
2
Sacramento
8
Elkridge
28
11
Stockton
11
2
10
1
4
Akron
Beltsville, MD
Santa Rosa
2
9
20
2
2
Denver
Roachdale
San Jose
Hanover, MD
Kansas City
2
Brisbane
6
Las Vegas
14
Oakland
2
10
Charlotte
Los Angeles
2
Rialto
4
Ontario
12
Nashville
Irvine
Albuquerque
2
Phoenix
24
24
Burbank
1
10
8
2
San Diego
San Diego 2
Atlanta
1
2
Pearl City
2
24
Ft Worth
2
ATM NEC M20 40G Core ASX-4000 Edge Switch Vector
Edge Switch ATM Edge Switch (Sprint PCS
Locations) PSN2 Switch - Passport 7480 PSN2
Switch - Passport 15000
13
New Orleans
Satsuma
14
6
10
Orlando
11
SprintLink CONUS
12
2002 Europe Sprint IP Backbone Network
13
2002 Asia Sprint IP Backbone Network
14
IP Class of Service Network Diagram
Classification and prioritization occurs at
customers premise router
Classification and prioritization occurs at
Sprints edge router
Sprint IP Backbone
No classification or prioritization on the Sprint
IP Backbone.
Bi-directional prioritization on the local access
facility
PR Premise Router ER Edge Router BR
Backbone Router
15
Sprint IP Class of Service Offering

• Allows Dedicated IP and IP VPN customers to make
  efficient use of existing bandwidth by ensuring
  delivery of time-critical applications
• Assigns different traffic types to 4 priority
  classes based upon packet importance
• Resources are allocated to each class by the
  customer

16
IP Class of Service Mechanisms

• Sprints IP Class of Service offering is based on
  DiffServ technology for traffic classification
  and uses Priority Queuing and Class Based
  Weighted Fair Queuing for traffic scheduling.

Class A Premium Traffic
Priority Queue
Class B Critical Traffic
Customer Access Link
Class Based Weighted Fair Queuing
Class C Business Traffic
Class D Standard Traffic
17
Build Philosophy
The job of the core is to move packets, not
inspect or rewrite them.

• Zero Drop, Speed-of-Light-like Latency, Low
  Jitter
• Side-effect of provisioning approach

18
Support Philosophy Three Ss

• Simple
• NOC staff can operate it
• Sane
• Dont have to be a PhD to understand and
  troubleshoot the routing
• Supportable
• It if takes twelve hours to figure out whats
  wrong, something isnt right

19
Traffic Engineering

• Aggregated Traffic in a core network (gt OC48)
  is uncorrelated, that is, not self-similar
• Impact of Aggregation on Scaling Behavior of
  Internet Backbone Traffic, Zhi-Li Zhang, Vinay
  Riberio, Sue Moon, Christophe Diot, Sprint ATL
  Technical Report TR02-ATL-020157
  (http//www.sprintlabs.com/ipgroup.htm)
• So you can actually provision to avoid queuing in
  a core network
• With proper network design, you can get within 3
  of optimal (utilization)
• Traffic Engineering With Traditional IP Routing
  Protocols, Bernard Fortz, Jennifer Rexford, and
  Mikkel Thorup

20
Convergence/Restoration

• MPLS Approach
• Fast Reroute, with various kinds of protection
• O(N2C) complexity (C classes of service)
• B/W must be available
• Sprintlink approach
• Simple network design
• Equal cost multi-path/IS-IS improvements for
  sub-second convergence
• BTW, what is the (service) convergence time
  requirement?
• Note Recent work shows that FIB download
  dominates service restoration time, so...

21
L3 Transport/VPN

• MPLS Approach
• RFC 2547 (MPLS/BGP VPN)
• Sprintlink Approach
• CPE Based and VR based (network based)
• Interestingly, although many customers seem to be
  asking for 2547 VPN, there is no artifact that
  will allow users to distinguish between a VR VPN
  and a 2547 VPN
• See also Integrity for Virtual Private Routed
  Networks, Randy Bush and Tim Griffin, INFOCOMM
  2003
• Result 2547 cannot provide isolation
  (security) in the multi-provider (inter-domain)
  case

22
Closing

• Load-sharing is done by a per-destination caching
  scheme
• I.E. traffic flows take only ONE best path across
  the SprintLink Network
• Minimized packet re-ordering, reduced fiber-path
  induced jitter.
• IP traffic growth is still doubling yearly
• Easier to provision the network to ensure no
  congestion in the core, more cost-effective than
  fancy queuing in the core.
• Simple means reliable, fixable, and more stable.

• Queuing only needed at the edge, where
  packet/frame sizes are large in proportion to
  the ingress bandwidth.
• Stays with Simplicity Principle
• Frees up Core routing systems resources

23
Moving up the Value Chain
Sprints quickest and most differentiated path to
the pinnacle of the customer value chain.
Network Systems Management
Content
Applications
Access
Transport

• Unlimited capacity
• Service consistency

• Virtually unlimited bandwidth

• End-to-end managed solution
• CPE

• New generation of applications

• Anything is possible