Aggression

1
Aggression

• Difficult to pin down.
• There is always an disagreement about it
• But it may define ?

2
Define

• In psychology and other social and behavioral
  sciences, aggression refers to behavior that is
  intended to cause harm. Aggression can be
  physical, mental, or verbal.

3

• Hostile aggression(affective,or retaliatory)
• its goal is harming another person
• Instrumental aggression (predatory, or
  goal-oriented )
• uses of aggression in some other

4
Theories about Aggression

• Affective aggression have lower IQs than
  predatory aggression .
• Males are more aggressive than females
• Explanation ?
• Physically weaker then males, that why need to
  develop other means to obtain successful results
  and defend themselves.

5

• On Bellona Island, male dominance and physical
  violence
• conflicts with their husbands-songs that mock
  their husband-humiliating their husband.
• If a woman wanted to kill a man- either convince
  her relatives to kill him or hire an assassin.
• both forms of indirect aggression (no ever she is
  envolved)

6

• Types of Aggression

Physical
Verbal
Active
Passive
Direct
Indirect
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Physical

• Physical Active Direct
• stabbing, punching, or shooting others (Anac,
  Vertrm ?)
• Physical Active Indirect
• setting a boody trap for another person, hiring
  an
• assassin to kill an enemy (Lach ? )
• Physical Passive Direct
• physically preventing another person from
  obtaining a desire goal or performing a desired
  act (Lach? )
• Physical passive Indirect
• refusing to performing necessary tasks. Sep, Ign
  ?

8
Verbal

• Verbal Active Direct
• insulting other. (Anac ?)
• Verbal Active Indirect
• spreading malicious rumors or gossip. (Hyo ?)
• Verbal Passive Direct
• refusing to speak another person, to answer
  questions, and so on. (Ign ?)
• Verbal Passive Indirect
• failing to make specific verbal comments
  (falling to speak up in another persons defense
  when he or she is unfairly criticized) (Staph ?)

9

• 1 Different types of aggression
• 1.1 Moyer Classification
• 1.2 Current
• 2 Biology of aggression
• 2.1 Aggression in the brain
• 2.2 Neurotransmitters and hormones
• 2.3 Genetics and aggression
• 3 Evolution of aggression
• 3.1 Aggression against outsiders
• 3.2 Aggression within a species
• 4 Aggression in humans
• 4.1 Aggression and culture
• 4.2 Aggression in media
• 4.3 Situational factors
• 4.4 Aggression and gender
• 4.5 Aggression in children

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Moyer Classification

• Predatory aggression attack on prey by a
  predator.
• Inter-male aggression competition between males
  of the same species over access to resources such
  as females, dominance, status, etc.
• Fear-induced aggression aggression associated
  with attempts to flee from a threat.

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• Irritable Aggression induced by frustration and
  directed towards target.
• Territorial Aggression defence of a fixed area
  against intruders.
• Maternal Aggression a female's aggression to
  protect her offspring from a threat.
• Instrumental Aggression aggression directed
  towards obtaining some goal, considered to be a
  learned response to a situation

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Biology of aggression

• amygdala, hypothalamus, prefrontal cortex,
  cingulate cortex, hippocampus, septal nuclei, and
  periaqueductal gray of the midbrain .
• The hypothalamus and periaqueductal gray of the
  midbrain are the most critical areas controlling
  aggression in mammals

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Evolution of aggression
Male elephant seals fighting
Male elephant seals fighting