Article III: The Judicial Branch

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Article III The Judicial Branch

• Chapter 20 Standard 3.3

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Section I Judicial Powers, Courts, and Judges

• Judicial Powers the Supreme Court has the
  highest power
• Congress creates lower courts
• Federal judges serve their entire life after
  selected
• If they break the law and are impeached by
  Congress they lose their position
• Payment of federal judges may not decrease during
  their term of office

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Section 2 Jurisdiction

• Juris means law in Latin diction means to
  speak
• Cases under federal jurisdiction
• Federal courts take on cases that concern the
  meaning of the U.S. Constitution
• All federal laws and treaties
• Can also take on citizens of different state or
  from foreign nations
• Diversity of citizenship when a suit occurs
  with citizens living in different states
• The amount in question must be 75,000.00 or more

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Cases for the Supreme Court

• Cases for the Supreme Court
• In a limited number of situations, the SC acts as
  the trial court and has original jurisdiction
• This happens on rare occasions today.
• These cases involve a representative from
  another country or involve a state
• All other situations, cases must be tried in the
  lower courts and then appealed to the SC
• Congress can make exceptions

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Conduct of Trials

• Persons accused of a federal crime are granted
  the right to a trial by jury in a federal court
  in that state in which the crime was committed
• Trials of impeachment are an exception

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Treason

• Definition -Treason is the making of war against
  the U.S. or giving aid to its enemies.
• Punishment Congress set it ranging from a
  minimum of five years in prison and /or a
  10,000.00 fine to a maximum of death.
• No Attainder of Treason shall work Corruption of
  Blood prevents punishment of the traitors
  heirs.

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U.S. Supreme Court

• Highest court in a three-tiered federal court
  system
• Consists of nine justices
• nominated by the president
• Confirmed (approved) by the senate