Design in India

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Chapter 10

• Design in India

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Shunga Period

• 185bce 30ce
• Shungas ruled in central India
• Stupa
• Burial mound containing ashes of Buddha
• Became associated with the last of the four great
  miracles of Shakyamunis life
• Hemispherical form predates Buddhism
  cosmological significance

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Great Stupa at Sanchi
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East Torana
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Hinduism

• Recognises no founder or great prophet.
• Name means the religion of the Indians
• Origins go back to the Vedic Period
• Religion of many gods that take many forms
  depending on their nature

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Hindu Gods

• Shiva Destroyer but also has regenerative
  forces.
• Appears human with multiple arms and legs
• Often seen riding the bull Nandi
• Vishnu Preserver of the Universe.
• Shown with four arms, often reclining on a
  serpent
• Devi Great Goddess.
• Also known as Parvati or Uma (wife of Shiva) or
  Lakshmi (wife of Vishnu)

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Buddhist Design

• Rock-cut monastic halls
• Chaitya halls basilica-like spaces for worship
• Viharas living spaces for monks

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Chaitya Hall
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Hindu Temples
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Kandariya Mahadeva TempleNorthern Style
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Kesava TempleSouthern Style
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Hindu Structures Outside India

• Cambodia
• Angkor Wat
• City that is a Temple
• Dedicated to Vishnu
• Representation of Hindu cosmos in 3-d
• 13,000 square feet of bas-relief works
• Angkor Thom
• Dedicated to Buddha
• Central temple Bayon

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Borobudur, Indonesia
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Persian Structures - Taj Mahal
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City Palace, Jaipur
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