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Resistance to the Holocaust

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Joining Polish and/or Russian Partisan Movement. Camp Revolts. Sobibor. Treblinka. Auschwitz. Map of Revolts. Role of Women in the Resistance. Intelligence and ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Resistance to the Holocaust


1
Resistance to the Holocaust
  • Belfer Presentation
  • Robert Hadley
  • Mandel 2001-2002

2
Define Resistance
  • What does this term mean?
  • Physical
  • Spiritual
  • Cultural
  • Emotional

3
Physical
  • Underground Youth Movements
  • Partisans
  • Camp Revolts

4
Underground Youth Movements
  • Hashomer and HeChalutz (Zionist)
  • Akiva (Zionist)
  • Dror (Zionist)
  • Bund
  • Betar
  • Communists

5
Partisan Movements
  • Abbe Kovner, Vilna Ghetto
  • Bielski Partisans, Belorussia
  • Joining Polish and/or Russian Partisan Movement

6
Camp Revolts
  • Sobibor
  • Treblinka
  • Auschwitz

7
Map of Revolts
8
Role of Women in the Resistance
  • Intelligence and Reconnaissance
  • Couriers
  • Fighters
  • Educators

9
Spiritual
  • Maintaining ones Faith in God
  • Strength of Human Dignity
  • Observing Jewish Traditions
  • Kiddush ha-Shem ("Sanctification of God's Name")

10
Prayers and Religious observation
  • Minyanim (10 or more gathered to pray)
  • Religious Holidays
  • Fasting and remaining Kosher in face of
    starvation

11
Emotional
  • Staying alive!
  • Helping others stay alive
  • Not allowing ones spirit to be defeated
  • Resource If you Cried, You died

12
Cultural
  • Art and Music
  • Terezin Requime
  • Schools
  • Community based programs
  • Self Help
  • Plays
  • Lectures

13
Art in the Camps
  • How is Art resistance?
  • What record do we have of the Holocaust as a
    result of Artists?
  • Urge to create in the midst of death

14
(No Transcript)
15
Cultural Events
  • Cultural events took place in the camps and
    ghettos
  • Impact and power of such events as Resistance?

16
Music in the Camps
  • Archive of music program from Terezin
  • Importance music played in camp life?

17
(No Transcript)
18
Schools in the Ghettos
  • Primary purpose to nourish the body and the soul
    (see the bread on napkins)
  • Aliya Religious boarding schools
  • Most Schools were clandestine
  • Orphanages Dr Janusz Korczak

19
(No Transcript)
20
Movies/Videos
  • Escape From Sobibor (1989) Showtime
  • The Grey Zone (2002)
  • Out of the Ashes (2003) Showtime
  • Uprising (2001) NBC

21
Books
  • Defiance The Beilski Partisans by Nechama Tec
  • They Fought Back by Yuri Suhl
  • The Avengers by Rich Cohen
  • The Bravest Battle by Dan Kurzman
  • Resistance by Israel Gutman
  • Justynas Narrative by Gusta Draenger
  • Kazik Memoirs of a Warsaw Ghetto Fighter by
    Simha Rotem
  • Unbroken by Len Crome
  • Against All Hope by Hermann Langein
  • Fighting Back by Harold Werner

22
Great Web Sites!
  • The Ghetto Fighters House Museum of the
    Holocaust and Resistance.http//www.gfh.org.ilIs
    raeli museum with searchable archives. Many
    articles and pictures online.
  • Jews for the Preservation of Firearms Ownership.
    - www.jpfo.comUses the history of genocide and
    resistance to it to argue for the right to bear
    arms.
  • Museum of the Slovak National Uprising.http//www
    .muzeumsnp.skMuseum in Slovakia dedicated to
    their 1944 armed uprising against the Germans,
    one result of which was the Jewish Novaky
    brigade.Anniversary of the said Uprising -
    http//www.55snp.sk/en
  • Simon Wiesenthal Center - http//www.wiesenthal.co
    mHas material on the Warsaw Ghetto uprising as
    well as general Holocaust information
  • http//www.yad-vashem.org.il/ Incredible archives
    of the Holocaust including Resistance

23
Online lessons
  • http//connections.smsd.org/veterans/holocaust_res
    istance_movement.htm (Great list of FAQs with
    websites)
  • http//www.ushmm.org/education/foreducators/guidel
    ines/ (scroll down to Sample lessons, do the one
    on Resistance, powerful tool with students!)
  • http//fcit.coedu.usf.edu/holocaust/timeline/RESIS
    T2.htm (Excellent resource on Resistance for
    educators)
  • http//edsitement.neh.gov/view_lesson_plan.asp?ID
    275 (Great comprehensive Lesson when pressed for
    time in a unit)

24
More Online Lessons
  • http//fcit.coedu.usf.edu/holocaust/timeline/RESIS
    T/WARSAW.HTM (Great way to connect with the
    Ringleblum play)
  • http//fcit.coedu.usf.edu/holocaust/timeline/RESIS
    T/resistan.HTM (I have used Courage to care in
    the classroomGreat videoand great way to close
    a unit on the Holocaust. Bring Hope back to your
    studentslike I said..bring them out of the
    darkness)

25
Even more lessons!
  • http//www.holocaust-trc.org/lesson.htm (many
    lesson plans and activities around Resistance and
    resistance movements, all vetted by Mark
    Nataupsky, an excellent educator from Virginia!)
  • http//www.holocaust-trc.org/Warsawhs.pdf
    (excellent Resistance Unit created by Sol Factor,
    a Mandel fellow from Ohio. You dont have to use
    the entire unitthe lessons can be extracted
    separately)

26
Totten Series
  • Teaching and Studying about the Holocaust
  • Holocaust Education
  • Holocaust Literature
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