Creating the Constitution

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Creating the Constitution
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In this section you will learn how state
delegates attempted to solve the problems of the
Articles of Confederation.
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A Constitutional Convention is called
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The states send delegates to a convention to
solve the problems of the Articles of
Confederation
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• Delegates from 5 states meet to create national
  trade laws
• Call for national meeting in Philadelphia
• Afraid of rebellion, 12 states (except Rhode
  Island) send delegates

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The Conventions Delegates
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55 state delegates meet at Constitutional
Convention in PhiladelphiaDelegates include
George Washington, Benjamin Franklin,One of the
ablest delegates is James Madison
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James Madison
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PRESENT
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ABSENT
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The Delegates Assemble
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• Delegates want to create government strong enough
  to maintain order
• But also want government that protects peoples
  rights.

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The Convention Begins
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• George Washington elected president of the
  Constitutional Convention.
• Delegates do not want decisions influenced by
  political pressures
• To ensure this, they decide that discussions will
  remain secret

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The Virginia Plan
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The Virginia Plan divides government into 3
branches-legislature makes the laws-executive
enforces the laws-judiciary interprets the laws
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• Legislature has two housesRepresentation is
  based on each states population or wealth
• Larger states support the plan, smaller states
  oppose
• Smaller states are afraid larger states will
  control them

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The VirginiaPlan
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FOR UNDERSTANDING
QUICK CHECK
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• The purpose of the Constitutional Convention was
• to divide up the lands west of
• the Appalachian Mountains.
• 2) to resolve problems with the
• Articles of Confederation.
• 3) to declare independence from Great Britain
• 4) to set up a confederate governmental system.

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. The Constitutional Convention was held in 1)
1785 2) 1787 3) 1789 4) 1791
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Who of the following was present at the
Constitutional Convention?

• 1) Thomas Jefferson
• 2) John Adams

• 3) James Madison
• 4) Patrick Henry

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Who of the following was absent from the
Constitutional Convention?

• 3) James Madison
• 4) Benjamin Franklin

• 1) George Washington
• 2) Patrick Henry

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______ served as the president of the convention.

• 1) George Washington
• 2) Benjamin Franklin

• 3) James Madison
• 4) Edmond Randolph

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The ______, proposed a government with three
branches.

• 3) Three-Fifths Compromise
• 4) Virginia Plan

• 1) Great Compromise
• 2) delegates from Philadelphia

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The three branches proposed by the Virginia Plan
were

• 1) an executive, a legislative, and a
  congressional.
• 2) an executive, a litigious, and a judiciary.

• 3) an elite, a legislative, and a judiciary.
• 4) an executive, a legislative, and a judiciary.

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New Jersey Plan
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New Jersey Plan is an alternative plan for U.S.
government-legislature has one house-each state
has one vote
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• Delegates voted for the Virginia Plan over the
  New Jersey Plan
• Delegates pass the Great Compromise

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• Each state is given equal votes in the senate
  this satisfies the small states
• States population determines representation in
  House of Representatives This satisfies the
  larger states

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The Great Compromise
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• Delegates place few limits on Congresss power to
  regulate commerce
• Southerners succeed in banning Congress from
  taxing imports
• Native Americans are not foreign nations or part
  of separate states

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The Great Compromise

• The Legislative branch would have two houses.
• Both houses in the Legislature would assign
  representatives by state population or wealth.

• The Legislature would have one House.
• Each state would have one vote in the Legislature.

• The Legislature would have two houses.
• The Senate would give each state equal
  representation.
• The House of Representatives would have
  representation according to state population.

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Slavery And The Constitution
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• Southern states want slaves counted for
  representation, not for taxes
• Northern states want slaves counted for taxes,
  not for representation
• To solve the dispute, delegates agree to the
  Three-Fifths Compromise

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• 3/5 of slave population counts for direct taxes
• 3/5 of slave population counts for representation
• Debate, delegates agree that slave trade cannot
  be banned until 1808

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Regulating Trade
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• On September 15, 1787 delegates approve the
  Constitution
• Constitution sent to the states for ratification

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FOR UNDERSTANDING
QUICK CHECK
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The ______ proposed a legislature with two
houses, the members of which were based on the
population and wealth of each state. The ______
suggested a single house where each state had
equal value.

• 3) Carolina Plan, New York Plan
• 4) Monroe Plan, Jefferson Plan

• 1) Virginia Plan, New Jersey Plan
• 2) Madison Plan, Randolph Plan

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The ______ created a legislative branch with two
houses, one based on the population of each
state, and one that gave an equal voice to each
state.

• 3) Great Compromise
• 4) New Jersey Plan

• 1) Virginia Plan
• 2) Federalist Papers

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For purposes of taxation and representation in
the House of Representatives, the ______ counted
slaves as partial citizens.

• 1) Three-Fifths Compromise
• 2) Missouri Compromise

• 3) Virginia Plan
• 4) Articles of Confederation

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Congress was granted the power to regulate,
promote and tax______, make treaties, and be the
sole coiner of money.

• 1) slaves
• 2) commerce

• 3) exports
• 4) incomes