Marine Habitats

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Marine Habitats
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HabitatsNavigation Slide

• Rocks Piers and Jetties
• Rocky Intertidal Zone
• Tidal Pool
• Coral Reef
• Sea Weed
• Open Ocean
• Deep Sea
• Hydrothermal Vents

Definition Intertidal Flats Ocean
Beach Dunes Salt Marsh Estuaries Maritime Forest
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Chesapeake Bay Habitats

• Habitat a place where organisms naturally grow
• Specific plants and animals interact and depend
  on each other
• Flora ( plants ) and Fauna ( animals) that
  require similar circumstances

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Ocean Beach with some lurking visitors Most of
the shores along the US's East Coast and
Florida's Gulf Coast are white sand which comes
from granite, broken down into quartz and
feldspar.
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Larger waves are found in the Pacific Ocean
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Oregon Coast
Beaches are full of life They are the host to
Microscopic creatures, Crawling
creatures, Burrowing creatures, Swimming
creatures, And Clinging creatures
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Atlantic Ocean Beach
Found in Virginia Beach where the Atlantic Ocean
touches the shore. Prone to erosion from waves
and wind. Houses ghost crabs, jellyfish,
dolphins, coquina clams.
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Both jellyfish and knobbed whelk are found along
our beaches
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Sandpipers, osprey, pelicans and cormorants are
aviary diners

• Beach Grass

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• Some turtles, fish such as sheeps head, rays and
  flounder, and birds, such as terns make the beach
  their home.

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Terns, flounder and Sheeps head are near shore
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• Aquatic mammals, such sea lions, seals and sea
  otters, are found along rockier coasts.
• Crabs, clams, periwinkles, shrimp, corals,
  starfish and sea urchins are common on nearly all
  beaches.

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Sea stars, Urchins, and Sea Cucumbers are all
echinoderms
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Intertidal Flats

• Land which emerges ( is above water ) and
  submerges ( is below water ) as the tides affect
  it.
• Home to numerous burrowing organisms, and to
  birds that eat them.

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Squishy mud provides a home for worms, clams,
crabs and birds
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Urchins and periwinkles are found in intertidal
flats
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Intertidal FlatS
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Clams love intertidal flats
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Intertidal flats
Found in Back Bay, First Landing, Dismal Swamp
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Dunes

• Shifting piles of sand by the beach.
• Plants anchor here that preserve the dunes.
• Burrowing organisms are plentiful

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Dunes are homes to crabs, snakes, rabbits, foxes
and various grasses
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Dune Habitat
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Dunes can be located by forests and waterways
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Salt Marsh

• Known as Wetlands
• Nutrient rich
• Nursery grounds
• Plentiful plant life
• Brackish water

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Salt Marsh
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Salt marsh animals
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Common Wetland Plants
Asters and Marsh Hibiscus
Cord grass and Spartina
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Marshes measure the health of our environment
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Marshes have more plants than any habitat besides
the rain forest
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Estuaries

• Valuable source of nutrients.
• Buffer from storms and floods.
• Wide variety of species of plants and animals.
• Pollution is damaging our estuaries.

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Chesapeake bay is the largest U.s. estuary
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Estuaries with bald eagles, cormorants, swans,
beavers, egrets, and canadian geese
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Maritime Forest

• Conifer and deciduous trees with plentiful scrubs
  and flowers.
• Abundant animal life,
• Back Bay Refuge and First Landing State Park are
  our local examples.
• Often close to or a part of an old Dune area.

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Maritime Forest with blue heron
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Maritime Forest Plants
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Rocks Piers and Jetties

• Areas where animals and plants attach with strong
  suction ability.
• Food is abundant in the splashing surf.
• Dangerous pounding from the waves.

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Rocks Piers and Jetties
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Pier dwellers tunicates and crabs
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Rocky Intertidal zone

• Organisms within the intertidal zone
• Wave shock and battering
• Supply of abundant food
• Numerous niches for survival
• Must cling for survival
• Move very slowly and not often

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Some islands in the Pacific Ocean have BLACK SAND
beaches from the weathering of volcanic rock.
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Newly formed volcanic coast
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Tidal Pool

• That area between the high tide and low tide
  which collects sea water and provides a rich
  environment for many marine life forms.
• The inhabitants of tidal pools provide food for a
  large variety of other animals.

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Tidal Pool
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Crab with barnacles surrounded by red algae
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Coral Reef

• The coral reef has biological communities
  representing one of the most diverse ecosystems
  in the world. Coral reefs often are referred to
  as the "rainforests of the oceans."
• Corals are tiny animals which belong to the group
  Cnidaria (the "c" is silent). Other cnidarians
  include jellyfish, and sea anemones.

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Coral Reef
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Coral reef beach with a beached shark. beaches
are made of cobbles, or small stones. Waves and
currents cause these stones to churn and pound
over each other.
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Fragile but Beautiful coral reefs
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Surfs up
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Kelp forests

• Kelp Forest
• Light and nutrient rich
• Sea urchins
• Sea otters
• Pacific coast

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Pacific coast kelp forest
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Seaweed

• Manatee grass and other sea grass beds offer
  homes to fish, crabs, anemones,
• urchins, and juvenile marine organisms

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Open Ocean

• Food less abundant. Specialized species.
• Open ocean has much less life than the coastal
  oceans.
• This area is home to the strong, sift and
  aggressive.

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Open ocean has little life but can generate
tsunamis
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Deep Sea

• Cold, dark, saline,
• high pressure
• Adaptations and a limited number of species

Less than 1 of life is below 3,000 m Deep
Scattering Layer migrate with daylight. Some have
large, sensitive eyes.
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HydrothermalVents

• Black smoker
• White smoker
• 350-650 degrees F
• At 3,000 meters
• Chemosynthesis
• Tube worms
• Sea stars
• Crabs
• Eels

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Creatures of the hydrothermal vents

• Tube worms
• Plate Jelly
• Angler fish

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Awesome ocean !!!!
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The End
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