water reuse update and stormwater as a supplemental supply

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water reuse update and stormwater as a
supplemental supply

• Christianne Ferraro, P.E.
• Program Administrator
• Water Facilities and Watershed Management
• FDEP Central District
• FWEA Water Reuse Committee Chair
• Florida Water Environment Association Luncheon
• July 8, 2009

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National Leader in Reuse
Were 1
In 2007, 663 million gallons per day were reused
in Florida rather than being disposed. This
equates to nearly half of all WWTP flow.
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Reclaimed Water Utilization
Percentages by Flow, 2007
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246,841 Residences
794 Parks
www.dep.state.fl.us/water/reuse/inventory.htm
272 Schools
477 Golf Courses
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Nutrients
Nutrient enrichment of surface waters is the
biggest issue confronting water resource managers
in Floridaand there is growing concern about
ground waters
Mission Springs, Alachua County
Photo Courtesy Florida Geological Survey
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Nutrient Efforts

• DEP workgroup looking at the potential nutrient
  effects related to the application of reclaimed
  water in Florida
• FDEP conducted sampling of reclaimed water for
  nutrients at select Water Reclamation Facilities.
• New permits will have TN and TP monitoring.
• WateReuse Foundation study proposal Evaluation
  of Potential Nutrient Effects Related to
  Florida's Water Reuse Program is underway.
• 62-610.800(12)(b) Reclaimed water is used in a
  manner such that public health and environmental
  quality will be protected.

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Areas of State Already Requiring Higher Levels of
Nutrient Reduction

• Indian River Lagoon
• Lower St. Johns River
• Florida Keys
• Wekiva Spring system
• Where TMDLs have been established for nutrients
• Ocean Outfall Legislation

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Reuse Timeline
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Water Conservation Initiative
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Water Reuse

• Key Player in Water
• Conservation Initiative
• Water Conservation
• Ability to Augment Supplies

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Reuse Strategies Report

• June 2003
• Program Summary
• 16 Strategies

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• Reuse is Good
• Reuse is Safe
• Part of Water Resources Strategy

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High Desirability

• Efficient Irrigation
• Ground Water Recharge
• Indirect Potable Reuse
• Industrial Uses (include Cooling Water)
• Toilet Flushing
• Vehicle Washing
• Laundries

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Reuse Strategies

• The Strategies were not regulatory in nature and
  used words like Encourage in 2003.
• Legislative action - Senate Bill 444 created
  funding for the Water Management Districts under
  the Water Protection and Sustainability Program
  that utilizes many of the concepts in the
  Strategies.
• This program funded utilities to implement many
  of the Strategies concepts. Need it back!
• So in many ways, the Strategies have become new
  water reclamation trends

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Reuse Strategies for Floridas Future

• 1. Encourage Metering and Volume-based Rates
• 2. Implement Viable Funding Programs
• 3. Facilitate Seasonal Storage (including ASR)
• 4. Use Reclaimed Water in Lieu of Other Water
  Sources
• 5. Link Reuse to Regional Water Supply Planning
• 6. Develop Integrated Water Education Programs
• 7. Encourage Ground Water Recharge Indirect
  Potable Reuse
• 8. Discourage Effluent Disposal

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Reuse Strategies for Floridas Future

• 9. Provide Water Use Permitting Incentives
• 10. Encourage Reuse in Southeast Florida
• 11. Encourage Use of Supplemental Supplies
• 12. Encourage Efficient Irrigation Practices
• 13. Encourage Reuse System Interconnects
• 14. Enable Direction of Existing Irrigation
  Systems to more Desirable Reuse Options
• 15. Use Reclaimed Water _at_ Government Sites
• 16. Ensure Continued Safety of Water Reuse

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Florida 2030 Task Force

• 9 committeescharged by the Century Commission
• Climate Change
• Water Resources Management
• Surface Water
• Desalination
• Conservation
• Reuse
• Governance/Funding
• Utility District Partnership
• Water Allocation and Transfer

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Florida 2030 Task Force

• These 9 committees worked hard to develop a
  focused water supply vision prior to the Water
  Congress event held on September 25-26, 2008.
• After the Water Congress event, the Florida 2030
  Task Force will continue this initiative, and
  work with State Leaders over the following three
  years to develop the policy framework needed to
  address the States water needs.

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FL 2030 Reuse Work Group

• As part of the FL 2030 planning effort and in
  response to proposed legislation in 2008, FDEP
  held a series of stakeholder meetings on
  reclaimed water issues
• August 18th
• September 16th
• November 16th
• Connecting Reuse and Water Use A Report of the
  Reuse Stakeholder Meetings was finalized on
  February 23, 2009.
• The following slides summarize the findings of
  that report, but there is still much to be done -
  discussions between utilities, FDEP and the WMDs
  are ongoing!

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Findings

• Reuse of reclaimed water is crucial to meeting
  Floridas future water demands!
• Conserves potable supplies.
• Recharges ground water supplies.
• Can play a significant role in meeting the
  projected 2 billion gallon per day water demand
  in 2025.
• Reuse protects water quality by reducing effluent
  surface water discharges.
• Reuse is an important part of the commitment to
  promote efficient and effective water management.

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Findings

• The 2007-2008 and continuing drought conditions
  highlights the need to use all sources of water
  efficiently.
• Reclaimed water is a drought resistant source.
• Reclaimed water is a valuable commodity that
  needs to be used efficiently.
• The three public meetings focused on discussion
  of impediments, incentives, policy
  clarifications, and concerns related to
  consumptive use permitting and regional water
  supply planning.
• Consensus on some issues was achieved but it was
  agreed that discussion needed to continue on
  others.

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Eight Discussion Issues

• Regulatory Authority
• Offsets
• Irrigation
• Supplementation
• Funding
• Optimization of Resource
• Aquifer Storage and Recovery/Aquifer
  Recharge/Indirect Potable Reuse
• Mandatory Reuse Zones
• Plus a couple more

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supplementation

• Also called augmentation, is the addition of
  other waters to increase reclaimed water
  supplies, especially during the dry season when
  demand is highest.
• Can use more reclaimed water year-round with
  supplementation during the dry season.
• Utilities feel that irrigation restrictions
  should not be imposed with supplementation, but
  environmental organizations and others have
  opposed using surface water when irrigation is
  inefficient.
• Outcome All agree that supplementation is a key
  strategy, but more discussion is needed on
  specific measures to use to increase efficiency.

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Supplementation

• Rule 62-610.472 Florida Administrative Code
  governs supplemental supplies.
• Requires an FDEP permit revision
• Surface water, ground water, treated stormwater,
  and drinking water may be used to supplement the
  reclaimed water system.
• Consumptive use permitting for the use of the
  supplemental water supply may be required by the
  appropriate water management district not
  required for the FDEP permitting.
• Document on the record drawings for the reuse
  system.

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Rule 62-610.472(3)(a) FAC

• Applies to surface water and stormwater supplies
  that are introduced directly into the reclaimed
  water system.
• Disinfection is provided and the fecal coliform
  and TSS limits established for high-level
  disinfection in Rule 62-600.440(5), F.A.C. are
  met for the treated surface water or stormwater
  supply before mixing with the reclaimed water.
• An affirmative demonstration that the quality of
  the resulting mixture is acceptable for the
  permitted uses of the reclaimed water
• not harm vegetation or crops
• meet ground water standards at edge of zone of
  discharge.
• protect public health

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Rule 62-610.472(3)(a) FAC

• Applies to Surface water and stormwater supplies
  that are introduced directly into the reclaimed
  water system.
• A one way flow device on the surface water or
  stormwater supply line is provided to prevent
  backflow of reclaimed water.
• Continuous monitoring of disinfectant residual is
  provided on the disinfected surface water or
  stormwater at a point before mixing with the
  reclaimed water. Fecal coliform and TSS
  monitoring as well to demonstrate compliance with
  high level disinfection.
• Pipelines color code and mark to differentiate
  them from reclaimed water or potable water.

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Rule 62-610.472(3)(b) FAC

• Cases involving storage of reclaimed water in
  lakes and ponds which are part of the stormwater
  management system are regulated by Rules
  62-610.464 and 62-610.830, F.A.C.
• Rule 62 610.472 does not apply to reuse system
  storage and reclaimed water distribution
  facilities that are on the property of and are
  operated by the user of reclaimed water such as a
  golf course or farm.

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Rule 62-610.472(3)(c) FAC

• Some facilities add stormwater into the
  wastewater collection system to supplement their
  reclaimed water supply.
• Resulting mixture of stormwater and domestic
  wastewater receives the full level of treatment
  and disinfection required for Part III reuse.
• Affirmative demonstration that the collection
  system and treatment facilities have sufficient
  capacity to accommodate the added volume.
• Limited to dry-weather, low-flow conditions in
  the collection system.

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Rule 62-610.472(3)(d) FAC

• Monitoring for Giardia and Cryptosporidium
• Sampling shall occur after treatment of the
  supplemental surface water or stormwater prior to
  blending with the reclaimed water.

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Examples of supplementation

• City of Sanford surface water Lake Monroe
  treatment at WRF provided.
• Port Orange stormwater in reservoir
  horizontal wells under storage with disinfection.
• DeLand stormwater and surface water from St.
  Johns River horizontal wells under storage with
  disinfection.
• Apopka stormwater in storage with in-pond
  filtration at outlet with disinfection.

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• Floridas population will continue to grow!
• The challenge is for us to all work together
• and become more creative in our approach
• to both water supply and reclaimed water
• planning!