Training

1
Training

• How the body adapts to training

2
What you need to know

• Immediate short term effects of exercise
• Long Term effects of exercise
• In this presentation we will look at the Long
  Term Effects

3
Long Term Effects
With regular exercise the body will adapt and
there will have a fitter, healthier body and an
improved feeling of Well Being. Changes to your
body take place in several ways

• These are divided into 6 areas
• Breathing
• Effects on the Heart
• Circulation
• Muscles
• Body Composition
• Rate of Recovery

4
Long Term Effects- Breathing

• The number of Alveoli in the lungs increase
  giving a greater lung capacity
• Gaseous exchange (Oxygen transferring into the
  blood from the lungs, and CO2 transferring from
  the blood into the lungs) becomes more efficient.
• There are more capillaries around the alveoli
• Muscles involved in breathing (diaphragm and
  intercostals) become stronger and more efficient
• These thing ensure a greater volume of air is
  taken in so more oxygen can be taken to the
  muscles and waste products (Carbon Dioxide) can
  be removed

5
Long Term Effects- The Heart

• Heart Rate HR resting HR is much lower in
  trained athletes than in others (Bradycardia) The
  heart can also work at high rates for longer.
• Stroke Volume SV (The amount pumped from the
  heart in one beat) Increases du to regular
  training. It can almost double!
• Cardiac Output (HRxSV - The amount pumped from
  the heart in one minute) At rest this stays the
  same but it greatly increases in a trained
  performer once they start working

6
Long Term Effects- Circulatory System

• Arteries become larger and more elastic. This
  reduces blood pressure
• More blood is produced. Consequently there is
  more haemoglobin to transport oxygen
• Lower levels of fat in the blood as the body uses
  more for energy.
• More capillaries go to muscles and around the
  alveoli

7
Long Term Effects- Body Composition

• Bones become stronger with an increase in calcium
  production
• Muscles and tendons can become stronger and more
  flexible
• The body can learn to use fat more efficiently to
  produce energy so the stores of fat are reduced
  and body weight may drop.

8
Long Term Effects- Rate of Recovery

• Exercise becomes easier
• The body will return to its resting HR and
  breathing rate much more quickly after exercise

9
Revision Session

• What are the 6 areas that you need to know about
  long term effects of training.
• Write them down and then click this button to
  check how many you have got right.

10
Long Term Effects
With regular exercise the body will adapt and
there will have a fitter, healthier body and an
improved feeling of Well Being. Changes to your
body take place in several ways

• These are divided into 6 areas
• Breathing
• Effects on the Heart
• Circulation
• Muscles
• Body Composition
• Rate of Recovery

11
Training

• What are the long term effects of regular
  training on the Heart
• Jot down 3 different areas and 1 piece of
  information about each one. Then click the
  information button to see if you are correct

12
Long Term Effects- The Heart

• Heart Rate HR resting HR is much lower in
  trained athletes than in others (Bradycardia) The
  heart can also work at high rates for longer.
• Stroke Volume SV (The amount pumped from the
  heart in one beat) Increases du to regular
  training. It can almost double!
• Cardiac Output (HRxSV - The amount pumped from
  the heart in one minute) At rest this stays the
  same but it greatly increases in a trained
  performer once they start working

13
Training

• What are the long term effects of regular
  training on the Circulatory System
• Jot down 3 different areas and 1 piece of
  information about each one. Then click the
  information button to see if you are correct

14
Long Term Effects- Circulatory System

• Arteries become larger and more elastic. This
  reduces blood pressure
• More blood is produced. Consequently there is
  more haemoglobin to transport oxygen
• Lower levels of fat in the blood as the body uses
  more for energy.
• More capillaries go to muscles and around the
  alveoli

15
Training- Long term Effects

• How does the Breathing Rate change?
• Jot down 3 bits of information then click the
  information button to see if you are correct

16
Long Term Effects- Breathing

• The number of Alveoli in the lungs increase
  giving a greater lung capacity
• Gaseous exchange (Oxygen transferring into the
  blood from the lungs, and CO2 transferring from
  the blood into the lungs) becomes more efficient.
• There are more capillaries around the alveoli
• Muscles involved in breathing (diaphragm and
  intercostals) become stronger and more efficient
• These thing ensure a greater volume of air is
  taken in so more oxygen can be taken to the
  muscles and waste products (Carbon Dioxide) can
  be removed

17
TrainingLong Term effects

• What happens with the muscles?
• Jot down at least 3 bits of information then
  click the information button to see if you are
  correct

18
Long Term Effects- Muscles

• Muscles become larger (Hypertrophy) They change
  depending on the type of training
• Low Reps High Weights means the size of the
  muscles will grow quickly and the muscles become
  better at powerful, explosive movements. This
  trining improves Fast Twitch muscle fibres.
• With lower weights and more reps the muscles
  dont grow as large but they increase muscular
  endurance
• More oxygen is stored in the muscle cells,
  helping with energy provision at high
  intensities.
• There are a greater number of capillaries the
  bring blood to and from the muscles.
• Muscle tendons become stronger

19
TrainingLong Term Effects

• What changes occur to body composition due to
  regular training
• Jot down at least 2 bits of information then
  click the information button to see if you are
  correct

20
Long Term Effects- Body Composition

• Bones become stronger with an increase in calcium
  production
• Muscles and tendons can become stronger and more
  flexible
• The body can learn to use fat more efficiently to
  produce energy so the stores of fat are reduced
  and body weight may drop.

21
TrainingLong Term Effects

• What happens to the Rate of Recovery?
• Jot down the 2 bits of information then click the
  information button to see if you are correct

22
Long Term Effects- Rate of Recovery

• Exercise becomes easier
• The body will return to its resting HR and
  breathing rate much more quickly after exercise

23
The End

• Well done. Make sure that you look over this work
  again soon to help you remember it
• Click the button below to go back to the start

END