Environmental Protection and Industrial Policy

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Environmental Protection and Industrial Policy

• By
• Muhammad Atif
• Pakistan Environmental Protection
  Agency
• 4th September, 2007
• Lahore

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Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997

• Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997 is an
  Act to Provide for the protection, conservation,
  rehabilitation and improvement of the
  ENVIRONMENT, for the prevention and control of
  POLLUTION, and promotion of SUSTAINABLE
  DEVELOPMENT

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Regulatory Actions should be taken whenever there
is Substantial Hazard toHuman Life, orHealth,
orEnvironment
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NON-COMPLIANCE MAY RESULT IN .

• Financial Penalties
• Clean-up Costs
• Compensation Costs
• Loss of Licenses
• Restriction of Activities

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POLLUTION CONTROL

• The four basic provisions relating to pollution
  control are contained in sections 11,13, 14 and
  15.
• Section 11 prohibits discharge or emission of any
  effluent or waste or air pollutant or noise in
  excess of the NEQS, or the established ambient
  standards for air, water or land

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Major Functions of Pak-EPA

• To Administer And Implement the Pakistan
  Environmental Protection Act, 1997
• To Take All Necessary Measures for Implementation
  of National Environmental Policies Approved by
  The Council
• To Prepare, Revise and Establish the National
  Environmental Quality Standards with the Approval
  of Pakistan Environmental Protection Council

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PROJECTS/PROGRAMME

• Self-monitoring and Reporting Programme (SMART)
• Vehicular Emission Testing Services (VETS)
• Activity Based Capacity Development Programme for
  All EPAs (ABCD)
• Management of Hazardous Substances And Wastes
• Introduction of Cleaner Production Techniques

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COSTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE

• Annual Damage in PKR
• Inadequate Water Supply, Sanitation
  Hygiene 112 Billion
• Agricultural Soil Degradation 70 Billion
• Indoor Pollution 67 Billion
• Urban Air Pollution 60 Billion
• Cost of Lead Exposure 45 Billion
• Rangeland Degradation Deforestation 7
  Billion
• Total 249 Billion
• Source Pakistan Strategic country Environmental
  Assessment Report by World Bank, 2006.

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INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION LEVELS

• Milligram/Liter
• BOD (?g/m3) COD(?g/m3) TSS (?g/m3) TDS
  (?g/m3)
• Chemical 1400-9800 2300-18640 950 38000
• Tanneries 800-1680 1020-2367 298 9104
• Textile 800-8500 1610-16500 1900 9680
• Sugar 100-1100 200-1896 2850
  17300
• Fertilizer 400-610 860-1650 97
  20 -
• Oil And Ghee 460-1470 1260-3280 576 15462
• NEQS 80 150 150 3500

Source Study by Sindh EPA
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ADDITIONAL AREAS OF CONCERN

• Management of fresh water resources
• Marine Pollution
• Toxic and hazardous substances
• Energy conservation and management
• Compliance with international treaties and
  protocols

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Linkage of Environment with Economy

• Compliance of NEQS is Important for Export
  Oriented Industrialization
• Right Mix of Economic, Social and Environmental
  Policies can Promote Sustainable Development
• Poor Environment Affects Tourism

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Challenge for industry

• Industrial
• Environmental
• Impacts are
• affecting
• all spheres
• of life

provide affordable products with minimal
environmental degradation
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end-of-pipe treatment
lack of policy assigning priority to pollution
prevention scenarios
IMPEDIMENT
lack of integration between
Environment Ministry
Policies and implementation

lack of awareness in industry and
financial institutions of
importance of pollution prevention in
profitability
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Shift in Thinking
Product Changes

• CP reduces risk to people
• environment while
• improving economics

Input material changes
to pollution prevention
from end-of-pipe treatment
Recycling
Technology changes
operating practices
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NEQS EnforcementTwo 2-Pronged Approach
Self Monitoring And Reporting
EPA Monitoring
Testing of Samples
Analysis of Report
Non-Compliance of NEQS
Compliance of NEQS
Non-Compliance of NEQS
Compliance of NEQS
Env. Protection Order
Env. Improvement Plan 25/75
Certification of Green Industry
Penalty
Action by Industry
Appeal in Tribunal
Not Accepted
Accepted
NO Action
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SMART
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WHAT IS SELF MONITORING REPORTING SYSTEM?

• Self Monitoring Reporting System for Industries
  is the result of a consultative process that
  extended over several years in which the
  government,industry and other stakeholders
  participated to develop an environment monitoring
  framework

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Recommendations of Lakha Committee

• Lakha Committee held several meetings with
  industry and came up with a set of
  recommendations that included
• Reduction in customs duty on import of
  anti-pollution equipment
• Rationalization of NEQS
• Introduction of Self Monitoring and Reporting
  System for industry and levy of pollution charge
• Other incentives like soft loan, accelerated
  depreciation, expenditure on pollution control to
  deducted from income tax

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WHAT IS SELF MONITORING REPORTING SYSTEM?

• By introducing this system, the government is
  placing a high level of trust in the industry to
  examine and evaluate environmental performance on
  its own and to make the information on
  environmental parameters available to the EPAs

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SMART
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UNDER SELF MONITORING CLASSIFICATION OF
INDUSTRIAL UNITS
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CATEGORIZATION OF INDUSTRY(LIQUID EFFLUENTS)

• Category A Monthly
• 21 Sectors/Sub-sectors Metal finishing and
  electroplating, Fertilizers, Pulp Paper,
  Pesticide formulation, Leather tanning, etc.
• Category B Quarterly
• 13 Sectors Glass manufacturing, Sugar,
  Detergent, Oil Gas explorations, etc.
• Category C Biannually
• Pharmaceutical (formulation), Marble crushing,
  Cement

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CATEGORIZATION OF INDUSTRY(GASEOUS EMISSIONS)

• Category A Monthly
• 11 Sectors Cement, Iron Steel, Nitrogenous
  Fertilizers, Petroleum Refining, Pulp Paper,
  Thermal Power Plants etc.
• Category B Quarterly
• 7 Sectors Sugar, Textile, Metal Finishing
  Electroplating etc.

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Industry Software and a Manual
After Registration Federal EPA will issue a
manual User Instruction Code and a software CD.
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GREEN INDUSTRY PROGRAMME

• It is a support program for the implementation of
  SMART that promotes not only Self Monitoring but
  also compliance with NEQS
• Incentive Based Regulation System, which uses
  both carrots and sticks to improve environmental
  performance
• Seeks to foster a pollution prevention ethic by
  encouraging industries to enter into agreements
  for reducing their environmental releases by
  setting targets
• Agreements would lead to the preparation and
  implementation of the Environment Improvement
  Plans for individual or cluster of industries

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Establishment Of Cleaner Production Center
Ministry has encouraged establishment of
three cleaner production centers (Rawalpindi,
Lahore and Sialkot) to promote adoption of ISO
14000 and help improve environmental performance
of the industry. These centers provides technical
advice to industrial sector in compliance with
the National Environmental Quality Standards.
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Establishment of Combined Industrial Effluent
Treatment Plants

• Ministry of Industries, Production and Special
  Initiatives is facilitating the establishment of
  Combined Effluent Treatment Plant in different
  cities.
• Two combined effluent treatment plants (CEPTs)
  for tanning sector have already been established
  in Kasur and Karachi whereas the proposal for
  Sialkot is also approved.
• Now to cater the Environmental Problems
  Establishment of CETP,s is considered a part of
  planning of new industrial Estates like SUNDER
  Lahore and another in Faislabad Karachi.

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Thanks