Profinet

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Profinet
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Profinet-Component Based Automation (CBA) IO

• It is DCOM based (Distributed Component Object
  Model)
• It uses cyclic data transfer to exchange data
  with Programmable Controller (PC) over Ethernet.
• It uses three different communication channels to
  exchange data with PCs and IO devices
• Standard TCP/IP for parameterization,
  configuration, and acyclic read/write operations
  (100ms)
• Real Time (RT) for standard cyclic data transfer
  and alarms (10ms)
• Isochronous Real Time (IRT) used for very high
  speed operations such as Motion Control. It is
  implemented using a custom ASIC. (Application
  Specific Integrated Circuit) (lt1ms)
• Multiple configurations possible( multiple PCs
  and IO)

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PROFINET IO

• The master-slave access method, used in PROFIBUS
  DP, is converted to a provider-consumer model.
• All devices on the Ethernet are treated
  democratically.
• The configuration process is used to determine
  assignment of the field devices to a central
  controller, whereby the PROFIBUS user interface
  is transferred to the PROFINET peripherals
• The distributed peripheral reads in the
  peripheral signals and transfers them to the
  controller. The controller then processes the
  signals and transfers the outputs on to the
  distributed peripherals.

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PROFINET IO Terms

• AR Application Relationship The relationship
  between a Controller and an I/O device. A IO
  device can support more than one Application
  Relationship.
• AP Application Process The application process
  running in the IO device. A default Application
  Processes and and profile specific application
  processes supported.
• Channel A single I/O point.
• Subslot A group of one or more channels.
  Subslots can be real or virtual.
• Module Real or virtual modules are user defined
  components that plug into slots. Submodule is a
  component of a module that is plugged into a
  subslot

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Profinet Terms 3

• Cyclic Communications Scheduled, repetitive
  communications. I/O data and alarms
• Acyclic Communications Unscheduled, on demand
  communications. Diagnostic messages from an IO
  Supervisor to an I/O Device are Acyclic.
• GSD Generic Station Description
• GSDML Generic Station Description Markup Language
  - The file containing the XML description of the
  IO device.

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Profinet Terms-2

• Provider Status An I/O device status provided to
  an IO Controller with the data transferred to the
  Controller.
• Consumer Status An I/O device status provided
  to an IO Controller for the data it consumed from
  IO Controller.
• Frame ID The two byte field in the Ethernet frame
  which defines the type of IO message.
• Proxy A device which maps non PROFINET IO data
  to PROFINET.
• DCP Discovery Control Protocol - A communications
  protocol that allows an IO Controller to find
  every IO device on a subnet.  

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RT

• Soft Real Time (SRT) By using isolating means
  like switches on the entries of the network and
  omitting layers (e.g. IP) and services (e.g.
  sequencing and acknowledgements of TCP) besides
  the standard layers the performance can be
  improved to a further extend

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Distributed Computing Environment/Remote
Procedure Call (DCE/RPC)

• DCE/RPC is a specification for a remote procedure
  call mechanism that defines both APIs and an
  over-the-network protocol.
• A DCE/RPC server's endpoint mapper (EPMAP) will
  listen for incoming calls. A client will call
  this endpoint mapper and ask for a specific
  interface, which will be accessed on a different
  connection. After that, the client can request
  calls to the server.
• Because of that, you cannot simply capture from a
  specific TCP port to see all traffic, as there
  are more connections used.

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PROFINET Runtime Core Software Components for a
RTOS

• RPC
• Context Manager(The context manager (CM) part is
  handling context information (like establishing,
  ...) and is using connectionless DCE/RPC as it's
  underlying protocol )
• Sockets Interface
• Discovery protocol
• Alarm Handler Interface
• Ethernet Device Driver
• (Need to know RPC, COM, Sockets and C)

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Phoenix Contact Products

• The heart of PROFINET system is the PC WORX
  automation software. It supports the user in
  configuring the PROFINET network, as well as with
  programming, start up and diagnosis of all the
  components. INTERBUS systems can be set up and
  operated in combination with PROFINET.

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PROFINET ProductsSiemens Automation Response Time

• Many applications require a quick response time
  via the distributed inputs and outputs. For a
  quick and efficient exchange of data between the
  distributed I/O and S7 stations, SIMATIC uses
  PROFIBUS DP but also PROFINET IO. Typical
  PROFINET IO configurations consist of one IO
  controller with several IO devices, Industrial
  Ethernet making use of programming devices or
  operating devices (panels).
• One of the most important questions in the
  context of such a configuration is what response
  times can be expected. This is especially
  important when an existing PROFIBUS DP system is
  completely upgraded to PROFINET IO.
• How long does it take until a distributed output
  reacts to a distributed input?
• What fluctuations can occur?
• What impact do IWLAN routes have?
• What influence does the communication by means
  PROFINET IO have on the cycle time of the IO
  controller?
• What updating time is to be expected?

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• To answer the questions Siemens have performed
  comprehensive measurements with typical
  configurations with SIMATIC components
• Various IO controllers communicate with up to 60
  IO devices.
• Alternatively, a programming device is operated
  at the PN line of the IO controller.
• The IO controller runs with a typical user
  program. In the programming device the function
  state is active.
• The IO controller is connected with the IO
  devices via an IWLAN route.

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Time

• PN response time Time from receipt of a process
  signal at the input of the ET200 to the
  activation of an output at the ET200.
• Cycle time Time between two process image
  transfers in the IO controller.
• Update time Time between two EA cycles of the IO
  controller.

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Actualization Time 1 to 8 ms, Cycle Time9 to 12
ms, PN reaction time 23 to 54 ms
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• IO controller S7-300, S7-400, Rack PC
• IO device ET200S PN
• IWLAN components Access Point SCALANCE W
  788-1RR, Client Module SCALANCE W 747-1RR
• Load at the subnet Programming device (PC with
  STEP 7)

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System Integration Using Profinet Internet
Access

• http//www.profibus.com/pn/technology/description/
  

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ERTEC Chip

• http//www.automation.siemens.com/microsite/ertec/
  html_76/ertec_e.swf