Press Release

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Press Release

• FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE CONTACT Roseanne
  Pawelec,
• Tuesday, July 23, 2002 [phone]
• NEARLY HALF OF ALL MASSACHUSETTS RESIDENTS
  OVERWEIGHT OR OBESE
• New MDPH Study Finds Obesity Increasing

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Growing Concerns about Obesity Among Adults in
Massachusetts A Statistical Analysis of BRFSS
Data

• Health Survey Program
• Division of Research and Epidemiology
• Bureau of Health Statistics, Research, and
  Evaluation
• Massachusetts Department of Public Health
• July 2002

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• Overweight and obesity may not be infectious
  diseases, but they have reached epidemic
  proportion in the United States. Overweight and
  obesity are increasing in both genders and among
  all population groups.
• - David Satcher
• former U.S. Surgeon
  General

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Morbidity Associated with Obesity

• heart disease
• type 2 diabetes
• hypertension
• elevated incidence of joint and
  mobility problems
• some types of cancer

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What is the BRFSS?

• Random-digit-dial telephone survey
• Adults ages 18 and older
• Joint collaboration between CDC and State
  Departments of Health
• Massachusetts BRFSS since 1986
• Data are weighted provide population-based
  estimates of health
• N 8,149 (year 2000)

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CANCER CONTROL
OSTEOPOROSIS
HEALTH CARE ACCESS
TOBACCO
ORAL HEALTH
BRFSS
DRUG ALCOHOL
HEIGHT, WEIGHT, WEIGHT CONTROL
SEXUAL BEHAVIOR
NUTRITION AND EXERCISE
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE
BLOOD PRESSURE AND CHOLESTEROL
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How is obesity measured in adults?

• Self report on height and weight
• Body Mass Index (BMI) a measure of weight in
  relation to height
• weight (kg) / height (m) 2
• Classification
  
  
• Underweight BMI
• Overweight BMI 25.0-29.9
• Obese BMI 30.0

Note classification of children is different
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Overweight and Obese by Height

• Overweight Obese
• Height BMI 25.0-29.9 BMI 30
• 5 128 lbs. 153 lbs.
• 52 136 164
• 54 145 174
• 56 155 186
• 58 164 197
• 6 184 221

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Overweight and Obese by Height

• Overweight Obese
• Height BMI 25.0-29.9 BMI 30
• 5 128 lbs. 153 lbs.
• 52 136 164
• 54 145 174
• 56 155 186
• 58 164 197
• 6 184 221

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Percentage Overweight/Obese and Obese by Sex,
Massachusetts Adults BRFSS 2000
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Percentage Overweight/Obese by Sex and Race,
Massachusetts Adults, BRFSS 2000
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Percentage Obese by Sex and Race, Massachusetts
Adults, BRFSS 2000
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Percentage Overweight/Obese and Obese by Age,
Massachusetts Adults, BRFSS 2000
Overweight/obese
Obese
Age
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Percentage Obese by Education and Income,
Massachusetts Adults, BRFSS 2000
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Percentage Obese by Education and Income,
Massachusetts Adults, BRFSS 2000
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Percentage Obese by Region, Massachusetts
Adults, BRFSS 2000
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Percentage Overweight/Obese by Fruit and
Vegetable Consumption, Massachusetts Adults,
BRFSS 2000
men
women
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Percentage Overweight/Obese and Obese by Regular
Physical Activity, Massachusetts Adults, BRFSS
2000
men
women
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Percentage Overweight/Obese by Smoking Status,
Massachusetts Adults BRFSS 2000
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Percentage Overweight/Obese by Marital Status and
Sex, Massachusetts Adults, BRFSS 2000
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Percentage Overweight/Obese by Presence of
Children in Household, Massachusetts Adults,
BRFSS 2000
men
women
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Prevalence of Diabetes among Overweight/Obese,
Massachusetts, Adults BRFSS 2000
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Prevalence of CHD/Angina among Overweight/Obese
Adults age 40, Massachusetts, BRFSS 2000
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Trends for Overweight for US and Massachusetts,
1990-2000
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How is Massachusetts Doing?
Rank 1Best, 50Worst
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Summary of Adult Data

• Current obesity epidemic in Massachusetts mirrors
  national trends
• groups at greater risk include
• persons with low income or education
• certain racial ethnic groups
• more sedentary adults
• BRFSS data should be used to inform policy and
  develop prevention and treatment approaches

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Growing Concerns about Obesity in Massachusetts
during Pregnancy and Early Childhood A
Statistical Analysis of WIC PNSS and PedNSS Data

• Bureau of Family and Community Health,
• Massachusetts Department of Public Health
• July 23, 2002

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Massachusetts WIC Program

• Preventive nutrition program with benefits that
  include supplemental nutritious foods, nutrition
  education, and referrals to health care
• Pregnant or postpartum women, infants, and
  children up to age 5 who are at "nutritional
  risk" and meet income guidelines are eligible
• Massachusetts WIC Program annually serves approx.
  33,000 women, and 120,000 infants and children,
  using federal and state funds

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Goals of PNSS and PedNSS

• Pregnancy Nutrition Surveillance System
  (PNSS,1979 - present)
• To monitor behavioral and nutritional risk
  factors among moderate- to low-income U.S.
  pregnant postpartum women participating in
  public health programs
• Pediatric Nutrition Surveillance System
  (PedNSS,1973 - present)
• To monitor the general health and nutritional
  status of moderate- to low-income U.S. children
  served by public health programs

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Nutrition Surveillance Data Components

• PNSS
• Demographics
• Pre-pregnancy WT
• Pregnancy WT gain
• Hgb or Hct
• Smoking and Alcohol use
• Medical care
• Infant feeding

• PedNSS
• Demographics
• HT WT
• Hgb or Hct
• Birthweight
• Infant feeding (

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Massachusetts WIC/PNSS Demographic
Characteristics

• Age
• 20 age
• 54 age 20-29
• 26 age 30
• Race/Hispanic Ethnicity
• 50 White non-Hispanic
• 18 Black non-Hispanic
• 25 Hispanic
• 6 Asian

Education 22 12 y
completed 7 unknown
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Race/Hispanic ethnicity among MA WIC
participants compared to MA statewide birth
data1999 MA WIC/PNSS
Source Massachusetts WIC Program, 1999
(n33,176) Massachusetts Births 1999, MDPH, 2001
(n80,866)
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Pre-pregnancy weight status 1999 MA WIC/PNSS
42.6 combined
Source Massachusetts WIC Program, 1999 (n26,856)
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Pre-pregnancy weight statusby maternal age 1999
MA WIC/PNSS
Source Massachusetts WIC Program, 1999 (n26,855)
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Pre-pregnancy weight statusby race/Hispanic
ethnicity 1999 MA WIC/PNSS
Source Massachusetts WIC Program, 1999 (n26,856)
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Pre-pregnancy weight status by parity 1999 MA
WIC/PNSS
Source Massachusetts WIC Program, 1999 (n25,883)
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Weight gain status during pregnancy 1999 MA
WIC/PNSS
Source Massachusetts WIC Program, 1999 (n22,876)
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Weight gain status during pregnancy by parity
1999 MA WIC/PNSS
Source Massachusetts WIC Program, 1999 (n25,094)
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Pediatric Nutrition Surveillance System (PedNSS)

• Short Stature
• height-for-age
• Underweight
• weight-for-age
• Risk for Overweight
• 85th percentile percentile
• Overweight
• 95th percentile weight-for-height
• Anemia

1 All percentiles given are relative to the 2000
CDC growth chart reference 2 Substituted here
for BMI-for-age both measures are
interchangeable in this age range
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A Note about Terminology...
Terminology for roughly equivalent categories is
different in children than in adults. The term
obesity is not recommended for use when
describing children. The term overweight
reflects a different category in children than in
adults.
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PedNSS Demographic Characteristics
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Prevalence of short stature by age 2001 MA
WIC/PedNSS
Source Massachusetts WIC Program, 2001 (n
117,270).
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Prevalence of underweight by age 2001 MA
WIC/PedNSS
Source Massachusetts WIC Program, 2001 (n
117,423).
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Prevalence of risk for overweight and overweight
by age 2001 MA WIC/PedNSS
33.5
33.5
32.0
Source Massachusetts WIC Program, 2001 (n
55,896). Children 2 years old.
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Prevalence of risk for overweight and overweight
by race/Hispanic ethnicity 2001 MA WIC/PedNSS
29.9
32.7
38.7
25.3
Source Massachusetts WIC Program, 2001 (n
55,896). Children 2 years old.
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Prevalence of risk for overweight and overweight
Massachusetts PedNSS compared to National
PedNSS 2001 MA WIC/PedNSS
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Source Massachusetts WIC Program, 2001 (n
55,896). Children 2 years old.
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Key Findings

• PNSS
• 43 of women were either overweight or obese
  prior to their current pregnancy
• 51 of women gained more than the recommended
  amount of weight during pregnancy
• PedNSS
• More than one-third of children aged 2-5 were
  either at risk or already overweight
• Prevalence of risk for overweight and overweight
  was high among all ethnic groups although the
  prevalence was lowest among Asian children, it
  approached that found among other ethnic groups