GOAL SIX 6.03

1
GOAL SIX6.03

• The Emergence of the United States in World
  Affairs
• (1890-1914)
• The learner will analyze causes and effects of
  the United States emergence as a world power.
• Describe how the policies and actions of the
  United States government impacted the affairs of
  other countries.

2
Jingoism

• Jingoism is a term describing chauvinistic
  patriotism, especially with regard to a
  warmongering political stance. This patriotic
  belligerence was intensified by the sinking of
  the Maine and led to the Spanish-American War.
  "Jingoism" did not enter the U.S. vernacular
  until the twentieth century.

3
Dollar Diplomacy

• U.S. foreign policy in the early 1900s of using
  American diplomatic influence to protect American
  investments in Latin America and Asia and
  encourage more stable governments. President
  William Howard Taft expanded the policy, begun
  under President Theodore Roosevelt, from 1909 to
  1913. Woodrow Wilson repudiated the policy when
  he became president.

4
Platt Amendment

• After the Spanish-American War, the United States
  occupied Cuba for five years, after which it
  withdrew under the condition that Cuba would
  apply the terms of the Platt Amendment to its
  constitution. The amendment, attached to the
  Cuban constitution on March 2, 1901, gave the
  United States sweeping power over the Cuban
  government and effectively made Cuba independent
  in name only. Many Cubans strongly opposed the
  terms of the amendment and staged several
  uprisings, which President Theodore Roosevelt
  quelled by the use of military force, which the
  Platt Amendment specifically authorized. The
  amendment was named after its original author,
  Senator Orville Platt.

5
Roosevelt Corollary- (1904)

• foreign policy statement attached to the Monroe
  Doctrine by President Theodore Roosevelt,
  declaring that the United States would exercise
  police power to maintain stability in the Western
  Hemisphere. Directed at Europe, the Roosevelt
  Corollary stated that the United States would
  consider any interference in the affairs of
  small, poor Latin American nations a violation of
  the Monroe Doctrine. The first application of the
  Corollary occurred in 1905, when Roosevelt sent
  Marines to the Dominican Republic to manage the
  country's European debts.

6
Anti-Imperialism League

• The American Anti-Imperialist League was founded
  in 1899, after the United States occupied Cuba
  and Puerto Rico and the Philippine Islands. Cuba
  became nominally independent, although the United
  States retained until 1934 the legal right to
  intervene in Cuban domestic and foreign affairs.
  Both Puerto Rico and the Philippines became
  American colonies.

7
Anti-Imperialism League

• The Filipinos revolted against American rule in
  February, 1899, and were suppressed in 1902 after
  a bloody, ruthless guerrilla war. Most Americans
  supported overseas expansion, but many of the
  nation's most illustrious citizens - including
  Andrew Carnegie and William James, were appa11ed
  by American imperialism. In 1899 they founded the
  American Anti-Imperialist League in order to
  campaign, unsuccessfully as it turned out,
  against the annexation of the Philippines.

8
Missionary (moral) Diplomacy

• The policy employed by Woodrow Wilson as an
  alternative to Tafts Dollar Diplomacy. Belief
  that if countries elected moral and ethical
  leaders, The United States would have better
  foreign relations.

9
Boxer Rebellion

• The Boxers, or "The Righteous and Harmonious
  Fists," were a religious society that had
  originally rebelled against the imperial
  government in Shantung in 1898. They practiced an
  animistic magic of rituals and spells, which they
  believed, made them impervious to bullets and
  pain. The Boxers believed that the expulsion of
  foreign devils would magically renew Chinese
  society and begin a new golden age. Much of their
  discontent, however, was focussed on the economic
  scarcity of the 1890's. They were a passionate
  and confident group, full of contempt for
  authority and violent emotions.

10
Open Door Policy- (1899)

• principle stating that all nations have equal
  trading rights and commercial opportunities in
  China. In the nineteenth century Japan and other
  nations had divided China into separate spheres
  of influence, with each power maintaining
  economic dominance in its area. The Open Door
  policy was proposed by U.S. Secretary of State
  John Hay in 1899 and again following China's
  Boxer Rebellion in 1900.

11
Open Door Policy- (1899)

• In it, American policymakers reluctantly accepted
  the spheres of influence already established but
  sought equal privileges for the United States.
  Because most nations, especially Japan,
  disregarded the provisions, the Nine-Power
  Treaty, signed at the 1922 Conference on the
  Limitation of Armament in Washington, D.C.,
  reaffirmed the Open Door policy. It ended with
  the recognition of China's sovereignty after
  World War II.

12
Annexation of Hawaii

• America's annexation of Hawaii in 1898 extended
  U.S. territory into the Pacific and highlighted
  resulted from economic integration and the rise
  of the United States as a Pacific power. For most
  of the 1800s, leaders in Washington were
  concerned that Hawaii might become part of a
  European nation's empire. During the 1830s,
  Britain and France forced Hawaii to accept
  treaties giving them economic privileges.

13
Annexation of Hawaii

• In 1842, Secretary of State Daniel Webster sent a
  letter to Hawaiian agents in Washington affirming
  U.S. interests in Hawaii and opposing annexation
  by any other nation. He also proposed to Great
  Britain and France that no nation should seek
  special privileges or engage in further
  colonization of the islands. In 1849, the United
  States and Hawaii concluded a treaty of
  friendship that served as the basis of official
  relations between the parties.