Air Quality Initiatives and Update

1
Air QualityInitiatives and Update

• Air Waste Management Association
• Catharine A. Fitzsimmons
• Chief, Iowa Air Quality Bureau
• New Services
• Cooperative Ventures
• Upcoming Challenges

2
Iowa Initiatives - New Services

• General permits Asphalt Plants, Concrete Batch
  Plants, Aggregate Processing Plants, Country
  Grain Elevators (under development)
• Implementing fast-track permitting process for
  energy related projects including co-generation
  projects.

3
Iowa Initiatives - New Services (Energy Projects)

• Ensure Iowa has an adequate supply of energy
  while maximizing energy efficiency renewable
  energy
• Opportunity
• To permit cleaner sources of energy and displace
  older less energy efficient sources

4
Iowa Initiatives - New Services (Energy Projects
cont.)

• Initiative
• Work to permit facilities efficiently in a
  cooperative manner
• Provide pre-application guidance on emissions
  control requirements, dispersion modeling, and
  compliance,
• Establish parallel permit review by DNR, U.S.
  EPA, surrounding states, and affected
  communities,

5
Iowa Initiatives - New Services (Energy Projects)

• Mutually commit to agreed upon timelines for the
  successful issuance of permits, and
• Streamline permitting of publicly owned
  coal-fired electric generating facilities through
  advance review of emissions plans and budgets (HF
  577, 2001).

6
Iowa Initiatives - New Services (Information)

• Expanded electronic permitting and reporting via
  SPARS (State Permitting and Air Reporting System,
• Construction permits on the web
• New DNR website 2003 roll-out

7
Iowa Initiatives - New Services (Ambient Air)

• Initiating adoption of ambient air quality
  standards for hydrogen sulfide and ammonia,
• Commencement of a study of ambient air quality in
  the vicinity of concentrated animal feeding
  operations, and
• Expanded air toxic monitoring.

8
Iowa Initiatives - Cooperative Ventures (PSD)

• PSD Advisory Panel
• Panel Membership
• Common Goals
• Time resource drain
• Risks of alternate interpretations
• Outcome - Rules
• Next Panel

9
Iowa Initiatives - Cooperative Ventures (Ethanol)

• Goal
• Establishing the collaborative development of
  regulatory guidance for those interested in
  constructing or expanding Ethanol production
  facilities
• Develop a guide to financial tools for ethanol
  plant construction or expansion
• Bring facilities into compliance

10
Iowa Initiatives - Cooperative Ventures (Ethanol
cont.)

• Environmental Services Division, DNR Meetings
  through August, 02
• Coordinate agency action and identify affected
  sources and partners
• Identify facilities
• Existing
• Under construction
• Anticipated projects

11
Iowa Initiatives - Cooperative Ventures (Ethanol
cont.)

• Identify regulatory concerns
• Air emissions from dryers fermentation
• EPA oversight
• Waste water run-off
• Discharge
• Water withdrawal
• Farm Bill opportunities

12
Iowa Initiatives - Cooperative Ventures (Ethanol
cont.)

• Work Group Assembled - October 02
• Identify interests, needs
• Establish collaborative goals and process
• Meeting with Intermediate and Small Ethanol
  Producers - November 02
• by invitation of the Renewable Fuels Association
  (RFA)

13
Iowa Initiatives - Cooperative Ventures (Ethanol
cont.)

• December 02 RFA DNR outline possible guidance
  document
• Work Group Second Meeting - Feb. 03
• Establish subcommittees
• Plan outputs
• Sharon Tahtinen, DNR Lead
• [phone]

14
Iowa Initiatives - Cooperative Ventures (Rules)

• Small Source Exemptions/Indoor Source Task Force
• Fall 2003 rulemaking
• Title V Fee Cap Annual Fee
• Aermod

15
Iowa Initiatives - Upcoming Challenges

• NSR Final Rule and Proposal
• 67 FR 80186 - 80314
• States Suit
• NESHAP - Mact standards
• Proposed rules

16
Iowa Initiatives - Upcoming Challenges cont.

• PM2.5 O3 Standards
• Designations
• State Implementation Plans
• Transport Rule
• Briefing 1/31/03
• Regional Haze

17
Contact information

• [phone] or [phone]
• catharine.fitzsimmons_at_dnr.state.ia.us
• www.iowacleanair.com ?

18
Air QualityConstruction Permitting

• Air Waste Management Association
• David Phelps
• Supervisor, Construction Permit Section
• Projects
• General Permits
• Statistics
• Application Issues

19
Construction Permitting Projects

• PSD Advisory Group
• NSR Reform Rules Analysis
• 112j Rule Analysis
• Issued permits on Web
• Draft PSD and other Public Notices on Web
• Initiated Process to take Fed. PSD Permits

20
General Permits

• General Permits Developed
• Asphalt Plants, Concrete Batch Plants, Aggregate
  Processing Plants
• Country Grain Elevators (under dev.)
• Advantages
• Abbreviated application process
• Conditions and Requirements Standardized
• Quick Issuance
• http//aq48.dnraq.state.ia.us/conspermit/templates
  .htm

21
CP Permits Issued in 2002

• New Construction 537
• Modifications 943
• As-builts 481 (Total 1961)
• Exemptions 24
• Withdrawn 20
• Locals 2
• Denials 15

22
Construction Permitting cont.

• PSD Permit Projects
• Issued This Year to Date 18
• Currently Under Review 8
• Anticipated 2-4
• Issued Pre-Construction Permits on Web
• http//aq48.dnraq.state.ia.us/airpermit/default.ht
  m

23
Common Application Problems

• Incomplete or wrong forms used
• missing capacity
• no construction dates
• incomplete EI
• Engine forms for paint booths
• Old forms used
• Like-kind replacement (no such thing)

24
Common Application Problems

• Requesting unverifiably low limits
• No cushion on permit requests
• No monitoring information
• PTE Miscalculated (EI forms have actuals)
• Not including small or exempt sources
• NO Insignificant sources

25
Contact information

• [phone] or [phone]
• dave.phelps_at_dnr.state.ia.us
• www.iowacleanair.com ?

26
Air QualityOperating Permitting

• Air Waste Management Association
• Chris Kjellmark
• Senior Environmental Specialist, Operating
  Permits Section
• Permitting Update
• Title V links
• NESHAP links

27
Title V Permitting Update (1/6/03)

• 296 Facilities have applied
• 216 Permits have been issued
• 66 Are under review
• 6 Facilities unassigned excluding Linn Polk
• 242 Modification have been issued
• 32 Renewals
• 9 Renewals used SPARS

28
Title V web links

• www.state.ia.us/government/dnr/organiza/epd/air/pr
  of/oper/opapp.htm
• All Forms available in PDF and MSWord 97 format
• Revised Part 1 Forms
• Form 4.0 - Heading change
• Form 5.0 - Format change for more accurate HAP
  reporting

29
Title V web links cont.

• Revised Part 2 Forms -
• Form RE-00 - reflect new CAM Form
• Form RE-08 - New CAM Form
• Revised Part 3 - Check box added for Form RE-08

30
NESHAP web links

• www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/112j/112jaypg.html
• Link to recent 112j rule makings
• www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/112j/fr09de02.pdf
• Link to 112j settlement proposal published
  (12/9/02) Fed. Reg.

31
NESHAP web links cont.

• www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/112j/part_2_form2.pdf or .wpd
• Link to example 112j Part 2 application forms
• Four groups for 112j Part 2 application in
  proposal
• 1st group due on 5/15/03
• Remaining 3 groups due 60 days after the
  respective scheduled promulgation dates of
  10/30/03, 4/28/04 and 8/31/05

32
Contact information

• chris.kjellmark_at_dnr.state.ia.us
• [phone] or [phone]
• doug.campbell_at_dnr.state.ia.us
• [phone] or [phone]
• www.iowacleanair.com ?

33
Air QualityProgram Development

• Air Waste Management Association
• Jim McGraw
• Supervisor, Program Development Section
• 8-hr Ozone and PM2.5 NAAQS Implementation
• Proposed H2S and NH3 standards
• 2003 Rulemakings
• Dispersion Modeling Update
• AERMOD Update

34
8 hr Ozone and PM2.5 NAAQS Implementation

• 8-hr ozone designations
• -IA designation to EPA April 15, 2003
• -IA Attainment/Unclassifiable
• -EPA designation- by April 15, 2004
• PM2.5 designations
• - State designations due by 2004/2005

35
8 hr Ozone and PM2.5 NAAQS Implementation

• SIP Submittals
• Ozone 1-yr (2005) or 3-yrs (2007) after
  designation. Will know when implementation rules
  are published by EPA.
• 2007 or 2008 for PM2.5, regional haze (RH)

36
8 hr Ozone and PM2.5 NAAQS Implementation

• Draft NOx/SOx SIP call (Transport Rule) expected
  in 2004.
• Transport Rule will lay foundation for SIPs in
  many states.
• EPA attempting to harmonize RH and PM2.5 SIP
  submittal schedules (TEA-3)

37
8 hr Ozone and PM2.5 NAAQS Implementation

• Databases
• Emissions inventory
• -Base year 2002
• Ozone designation
• -Initial 2000-2002
• -Final 2001-2003
• PM2.5 designation 2001-2003
• Regional Haze 2000-2004

38
Proposed H2S and NH3 Standards

• Two separate rulemakings
• -Proposed Standards
• -Sampling Manual
• Establishes ambient air quality standards for H2S
  and NH3 that apply to all source categories.
• No odor standards proposed at this time.

39
Proposed H2S and NH3 Standards

• Conducted 5 public hearings statewide for each
  rulemaking
• Comment period for sampling manual ended 11-6-02
• -Preparing responsiveness summary
• Comment period for proposed stds ended 1-6-03
• Both rulemakings to EPC for final adoption
  March/April 2003?

40
2003 Rulemakings

• H2S and NH3 ambient standards
• Title V Fee Cap
• -Raise cap above 29/ton
• -Double Barreling
• Department Rules Review
• -Put all air definitions in Chapter 20
• -Combine some chapters
• -http//www.state.ia.us/dnr/other/assess.htm

41
2003 Rulemakings cont.

• Bureau General Rulemaking
• -Start after June 2003
• -Carry over items from last year

42
2003 Rulemakings cont.

• General Permit for Country Grain Elevators
• -Project with Agri-Business Ass.
• -Modeling completed finalizing draft conditions
• -EPA review and comment
• -Start rulemaking process (March/April)

43
2003 Rulemakings cont

• Small source permitting (Take II)
• -Establish diminimis emission levels that will
  exempt small sources from CP
• -New exemptions for selected emission units
• -Standard work practice document
• -Met with ABI in December two more meetings
  scheduled. EPA invited to attend meetings.
• -Plan to begin rulemaking again in March

44
Dispersion Modeling Update

• Dispersion Modeling Checklist
• -Tool for applicant
• -Answers to the test
• PSD modeling
• -Pre-meeting and protocol
• -EPA comments on additional impacts analyses
• DEMs
• -New STDS to DEM converter
• -DNR can provide DEMs for all state quads

45
Dispersion Modeling Update cont.

• Modeling Expectations
• -Model inputs parameters and conditions in
  permit application
• -Modeled unit/facility location actual or
  planned unit/facility location
• -Modeled fence line/property line fence
  line/property line location on Form MI-1
• -Building inputs in BPIP Form MI-1 depiction
• The picture tells it all
• -QA submittals

46
Dispersion Modeling Update cont.

• Modeling Files
• -All inputs/outputs, memos, spreadsheets stored
  on share drive
• -Modeling available upon request
• -Memos and correspondence in records

47
Dispersion Modeling Update cont.

• DNR Modeling Policy
• -Not always protective of the NAAQS
• -Intended for minor sources but largely applied
  to major sources
• -Plan to revise after small source rulemaking
  completed and AERMOD promulgation

48
Dispersion Modeling Update cont.

• ISC vs. AERMOD and ISC PRIME
• -ISC3 still guideline model
• -AERMOD/ISC PRIME are alternative models
• -Region VII Blanket approval to use AERMOD/ISC
  PRIME with state approval
• -DNR Will allow use on case by case basis

49
AERMOD Update

• EPA placing PRIME algorithm into AERMOD
• EPA/AERMIC/EPRI Performance evaluation and
  consequence analyses
• Other improvements to AERMOD

50
AERMOD Update cont.

• Tentative Timeline
• Fall 2002 Complete evaluations and enhancements
• Winter 2002/03 Complete regulatory documentation
  and FR language
• 2003 Promulgate
• 2004 Full Implementation

51
AERMOD Update cont.

• DNR Preparation for AERMOD
• Training courses
• Vendor software
• Processed meteorological data through Step 2 of
  AERMET
• -1995 through 2000
• -Same 10 stations
• -Modeler adds site characteristics

52
Contact information

• [phone] or [phone]
• jim.mcgraw_at_dnr.state.ia.us
• www.iowacleanair.com ?

53
Air QualityCompliance, Emission Inventory, and
Ambient Monitoring

• Air Waste Management Association
• Chuck Corell
• Supervisor, Compliance, Emission Inventory, and
  Ambient Monitoring Section
• Rules
• Inventory
• BART survey
• Compliance Issues
• Self-Audits

54
Rule changes in the works

• Trial burn variances
• Easier to get variance for trial burning
  alternative fuels
• Baseline testing may be required
• Trial burns limited to time necessary to collect
  emissions and operational data

55
MSEIQ Update

• 548 EIQs received from center third of state
• Stationary sources
• Some portables from the whole state
• About 400 sources in western third
• Packets going out this week

56
BART Survey Results

• 95 surveys sent out
• 17 facilities not responded yet
• 22 facilities have eligible emission units

57
BART Survey Results cont.

• Fac SIC Class Eligible Units
• Food 13
• Chemical 5
• Stone Clay 2
• Elec Power Gen 25
• Total 45
• (42 eligible units are boilers)

58
Common Compliance Issues

• Constructing without permit
• Both new and modified units
• Late Title V reports
• DNR fined facility 2000 for submitting late
  reports 8 times in a row
• EPA issued non-penalty order for second late
  report

59
Title V Reports

• Reporting Reports Late
• Period Received Reports Late
• Annual 2000 154 11 7
• Jan-June 2001 160 27 17
• Annual 2001 159 5 3
• Jan-June 2002 173 11 6
• Total 646 54 8

60
Common Compliance Issues cont.

• Constructed stack height and diameter not
  consistent with permit
• From inspections
• Record keeping
• Supplier changing paint formulations
• Testing at production rate well below listed
  capacity

61
Stack Testing at Capacity

• Permit requires operating the source at maximum
  capacity during compliance test
• Intended to represent worst case for emissions
• Capacity from permit application
• Should discuss capacity with permit engineer
  before permit is written

62
Stack Testing at Capacity cont.

• Tests conducted below capacity
• Evaluated for potential to meet limit at capacity
• Tests 85 of capacity usually accepted
• Possible conclusions
• Test accepted at tested production rate
• Accept production limit at level during test
• Retest at higher production rate

63
Stack Testing at Capacity cont.

• Testing at capacity not practical
• Want excess capacity in permit
• Ramping up to capacity
• Discuss options with permit writer
• Stepped testing requirements
• Creative options

64
Self-Audits

• 455K COI and Chapter 567-12 IAC
• Can get immunity from civil and administrative
  penalties
• Normal Procedure
• Notice ? Audit ? Disclose Violations ? Correct
  Violations
• (Audit not mandatory to get immunity)

65
Self-Audits cont.

• No immunity if violations
• Are intentional
• Result in actual injury or imminent substantial
  risk of injury or damage
• Result in substantial economic benefit
• Are serious and repeated or continuous
• Committed by Habitual Violator (455K COI)

66
Self-Audits cont.

• Disclosure of violations must be voluntary
• A disclosure is NOT voluntary when
• Disclosure required by permit, law, order, etc
• Leaves out TV facilities with permits
• Detected by DNR first (start investigation)
• Reported to DNR first
• Notice of civil suit or legal complaint
• Intentional violation
• Involves actual injury or imminent substantial
  risk
• No reasonable attempt to correct violations

67
Self-Audits cont.

• EPA has audit policy
• Relief only from gravity portion of penalty
• Voluntary discovery prompt disclosure
• Repeat violations not eligible
• For full benefit, disclose to both DNR and EPA!!

68
Contact information

• [phone] or [phone]
• chuck.corell_at_dnr.state.ia.us
• www.iowacleanair.com ?

69
Air QualityInformation Technology

• Air Waste Management Association
• Kevin Connolly
• Senior Information Technology Specialist,
• Administrative Information Technology Services
• SPARS Features
• Demonstration
• Web Links
• Reports

70
SPARS Applications for Industry

• Fully Functional Permit Application software with
  Site Management Functions
• Construction Permit Applications
• Operating Permit Applications
• Part 1 Equipment and Emissions Information
• Part 2 Applicable Requirements
• Title V Annual Emission Inventory Submittal
• Minor Source Emission Inventory Submittal

71
SPARS Applications for Industry cont.

• SPARS should be used to submit information for
  Emissions Inventory on
• Any Site Subject to Construction Permitting, but
  not Subject to Title V (Minor Source Emissions
  Inventories)
• Major Source Emission Inventories
• Modifications to a Current Inventory
• AQB provides training for completing the Minor
  Source Inventory
• AQB will train and supervise entry of data into
  SPARS by data entry professionals provided by
  Industry Associations upon request.

72
Operating Application - Part 2 - Form 1.0
73
Part 2 Wizard Screens for Navigation/Data Entry
74
Part 2 Form detailed instructions pop up windows
75
GO TO Button allows user to move within Part 2
76
Part 2 answers requiring a review of Regulations
or Documents
77
Regulations Button activates the documents for
reference
78
Documents open in Word for review
79
Additional information added through the ()
Button
80
The () Button used to add information throughout
Part 2
81
Data Entry Windows used on RE, AR, CP Forms
82
AR-01 Data Entry for each Emission Unit/Point
83
Part 2 Printout - Page numbering is deceptive,
refers to screens
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Contact information

• kevin.connolly_at_dnr.state.ia.us
• [phone] or [phone]
• cherity.gabrielle_at_dnr.state.ia.us
• [phone] or [phone]
• www.iowacleanair.com ?