Entomology

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Entomology
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Entomology

• What is Entomology?
• It is the study of insects. Insects are always
  around us. Scientists called entomologist spend
  most of their time studying these insects

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Entomology

• What is the average amount of insects that are
  on the earths surface.
• There are more than 750,000 species of insects
  which have been identified
• There is about 2,000,000 species that have not
  been identified

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Entomology

• Are all insects harmful to humans?
• No, There is about 10,000 that are harmful to
  humans.

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Entomology

• Are insects good or bad?
• In history we have seen both sides of insects.
• The bad side is the destructive ways of mowing
  down crops or fields.

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Entomology

• Did anyone read or hear about the Armyworm
  problem this spring?
• Explain what happened?

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Entomology

• Some more problems with insects have been?
• Deadly epidemics of the past have been caused by
  diseased organisms carried by insects.
• Example bubonic plague epidemic that wiped out
  the population of Europe in the 14 century was
  carried by fleas that infested rodents

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Entomology

• Cont.
• Digging of the panama Canal have been hindered by
  insects
• Started by the French in 1880 and abandoned
  because of workers dieing caused by malaria and
  yellow fever
• Which this was carried around by mosquitoes

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Entomology

• Did you know?
• That the discovery of America was indirectly tied
  to the larvae of a moth.
• This moth feeds on particular trees of the
  mulberry family

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Entomology

• These moths spun cocoons of long and smooth
  fibers to create a cloth called silk.
• This cloth during the Middle Ages was a high
  demand or market for this.
• Columbus was looking for a passage way to the
  eastern countries when he ran into America.

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Entomology

• On page 316.
• There is a statue of this insect which is located
  in Enterprise Alabama.
• This area depends on cotton production

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Entomology

• Around Alabama
• Crops that mostly grow are cotton but the
  invasion of the boll weevil destroyed the crops
  and a guy named George Washington Carver
  developed many uses for other crops that would
  grow in that area.

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Entomology

• Some of those crops are
• Peanuts
• Which came to be more profitable that the cotton

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Entomology

• Why do people eat insects?
• Some cultures will eat insects for food.
• Termite larva are considered to be delicious by
  some people who live in the tropics.

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Entomology

• Classification of insects
• There are different levels of classifying
  insects
• Kingdom
• Phyla
• Class
• Order
• Family
• Genus
• Species

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Entomology

• The highest level is the Kingdom
• The most specific is the species level.
• Organisms are usually classified by the genus and
  species.
• This is called a binomial nomenclature

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Entomology

• Here are six orders of insects
• Orthoptera- which includes the grasshopper and
  locust
• Hemiptera which includes the true bugs such as
  leaf hoppers and plant bugs
• Lepidoptera moths and butterflies
• Homoptera- aphids

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Entomology

• Cont
• Thysanoptera- thrips
• Coleoptera- which is the largest group of the
  insect orders this has beetles

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Entomology

• How are insects grouped?
• They are grouped by the way they feed on plants.
  So they are grouped by their mouth parts.

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Entomology

• There are six different mouth parts
• Sponging
• Rasping- sucking
• Siphoning
• Chewing-lapping
• Chewing
• Piercing- sucking

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Entomology

• Insects have no internal skeleton and they rely
  on their hard outer coating called exoskeleton
  which protects their inner organs and supports
  their body.

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Entomology

• What is the exoskeleton composed of ?
• non cellular layer compose of a material called
  chitin which is secreted by an inner layer of
  cells. Chitin is coated with a waxy layer that
  helps insects retain fluid content of the body

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Entomology

• Parts of an insect?
• There are three parts to any insect
• They are
• Head
• Thorax
• Abdomen

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Entomology

• Head
• Has a pair of compound eye and two sensory
  appendages called antennae.

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Entomology

• Thorax
• It is divided into three segments from which are
  attached three pairs of legs

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Entomology

• Abdomen
• It is attached to the thorax
• which will contain more segments

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Entomology

• There are two different life cycles that an
  insect can go through and they are
• Incomplete Metamorphosis
• Complete Metamorphosis

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Entomology

• Incomplete Metamorphosis
• Goes from Adult
• to late nymph(wings developing)
• to Early nymph (no wings)
• Eggs

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Entomology

• Complete Metamorphosis
• Adult to
• Pupa to
• Larva to
• Eggs to

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Entomology

• What is a larva?
• It is when the young insect has soft tubular
  body and looks very much like a worm

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Entomology

• What is a pupa stage?
• It is when the larva matures and will pass throw
  the pupa stages which is usually a relatively
  dormant stage.

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Entomology

• Phytophagous insects-
• phyto means plant and phagous means eating.
  Whenever a plant is eaten on it is damaged in
  terms of growth and productivity

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Entomology

• Parasitism-
• is a relationship that is beneficial to one
  animal and harmful to the other.

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Entomology

• What is DDT?
• This is a chemical that was discovered by German
  name Othmar Zeidler in 1874
• It is a chemical to cut down on the number of
  insects in a given area.
• Example mosquitoes in the tropics

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Entomology

• Integrated pest management uses
• Cultural methods
• Insect diseases and predators
• Pheromones
• Release of sterile males
• Insect resistant plants varieties

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Entomology

• Project
• You will be given a copy of some insects you will
  then make flash cards with the insect on a card.
  You will need to color you insects by the
  description that it gives you. So you might want
  to bring in color pencils. You will then have
  time in class to study and make cards.

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Entomology

• On these cards
• One side will have insect picture
• Second side will have what it will damage and
  what it will look like
• Time of attack
• Description of insect